Communicable Disease Surveillance in Somalia, 2012 Público
Cordes, Kristina (2014)
Abstract
Background: A complex humanitarian emergency (CHE) occurs when there is a disintegration of authority and the overwhelmed infrastructure of a society is unable to manage the complications that arise. During CHE there is an increased risk of communicable diseases, resulting in the need for heightened surveillance. In 2011, Somalia experienced the worst drought in 60 years and famine was declared in July of that year. The World Health Organization (WHO)-Somalia collaborated with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to evaluate and revise the communicable disease surveillance system in Somalia. The revised system was used for the entire year of 2012 in all four zones of the country.
Methods: Data for 2012 was collected via the Somalia communicable diseases reporting system (CSR). Data quality and disease trends were analyzed using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) and summarized in the 2012 WHO-Somalia Communicable Diseases Reporting System (CSR) annual surveillance report.
Results: Although a few suspected outbreaks were detected, analysis of priority health events (suspected cholera, suspected shigellosis, suspected measles and confirmed malaria) showed a general decreasing trend in proportional morbidity over the 52 reporting weeks.
Conclusions: Data quality was seen to improve in all four zones after switching from the Excel database to the Epi Info database, and continued use of Epi Info for surveillance purposes is recommended. As with any surveillance system, regular monitoring and periodic evaluations should be conducted.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Complex Humanitarian
Emergencies..................................1
Definition and
Characteristics.......................................................1
Sources of
CHE..........................................................................2
Public Health Concerns and Healthcare during
CHE............................4
Phases.....................................................................................5
Health
Concerns.........................................................................6
Chapter 2
Surveillance................................................................10
Public Health
Surveillance............................................................10
Surveillance during
CHE...............................................................11
Evaluation of
Surveillance............................................................13
Chapter 3
Background.................................................................14
Geography and Government of
Somalia...........................................14
Famine and Humanitarian
Emergency..............................................15
Public Health
Surveillance............................................................15
Chapter 4
Methods.....................................................................17
Data
Collection..........................................................................17
Assessing Data
Quality................................................................18
Detecting Increased
Patterns.......................................................20
Chapter 5
Results.......................................................................21
Data
Quality..............................................................................21
Priority Health Events in
2012.......................................................24
Trends in Proportional Morbidity for Priority Health
Events..................25
Vaccine Preventable
Diseases.......................................................38
Facility-specific Disease
Trends.....................................................44
Chapter 6
Discussion...................................................................50
Limitations.................................................................................51
Conclusions...............................................................................51
Appendix...................................................................................57
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