Maternal Weight Gain During Pregnancy and Infant Illness Público
Sappenfield, Olivia Ruth (2012)
Abstract
Background: Maternal weight gain during pregnancy is a
modifiable behavior that has
been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The association between
maternal weight
gain and adverse pregnancy outcomes is modified by pre-pregnancy
body mass index
(BMI) with women who gain weight within recommendations having
better neonatal
outcomes compared to women who gain weight outside recommendations
across strata.
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between
maternal weight gain
and infant illness.
Methods: Slovak mother and term infant pairs (n=1134) were
recruited at delivery and
followed until 16 months. Multiple logistic regression was used to
evaluate the
association between maternal weight gain based on the 2009
Institute of Medicine's
recommendations and infant illness (0-16 months) including
diarrhea, respiratory disease,
otitis media, and illness requiring antibiotics.
Results: Underweight women gaining weight below
recommendations had increased
odds for all outcomes except otitis media (ever sick, adjusted odds
ratio [aOR]: 1.45,
95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.40, 5.26) compared to normal weight
women who gained
within recommendations, though the results were imprecise. Among
normal weight
women, those gaining weight above recommendations had increased
odds for all
outcomes except otitis media compared to those gaining weight as
recommended (ever
sick, aOR: 1.19, 95% CI: 0.66, 2.17).
Discussion: Our findings suggest maternal weight gain during
pregnancy may have
effects in infancy for some outcomes. In particular, infants of
underweight women who
gain less weight and infants of normal weight women who gain more
weight than
recommended may be at risk for infant illness. Therefore, pregnant
women should be
advised to gain weight within recommendations.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter I: Background
Literature Review 1
Table 1.1: 2009 Institute of Medicine pregnancy weight gain recommendations, pg. 8
Table 1.2: Studies evaluating the effect of maternal weight gain during pregnancy, pg. 9
Table 1.3: Studies evaluating covariates associated with diarrheal disease, pg. 13
Table 1.4: Studies evaluating covariates associated with respiratory disease, pg. 15
Chapter II: Manuscript
Introduction, pg. 17
Methods, pg. 20
Results, pg. 24
Discussion, pg. 26
References, pg. 30
Tables
Table 2.1: Characteristics of a cohort of Slovak, singleton, live births and their
mothers by pre-pregnancy BMI-specific weight gain category, pg. 37
Table 2.2: Characteristics of a cohort of Slovak, singleton, live births and their
mothers for ever sick by 16 months of age, pg. 39
Table 2.3: Characteristics of a cohort of Slovak, singleton, live births and their
mothers for diarrheal disease by 16 months of age, pg. 40
Table 2.4: Characteristics of a cohort of Slovak, singleton, live births and their
mothers for respiratory disease by 16 months of age, pg. 41
Table 2.5: Characteristics of a cohort of Slovak, singleton, live births and their
mothers for otitis media by 16 months of age, pg. 42
Table 2.6: Characteristics of a cohort of Slovak, singleton, live births and their
mothers for antibiotic use by 16 months of age, pg. 43
Table 2.7: Association between pre-pregnancy specific BMI maternal weight gain
during pregnancy and infant morbidity adjusting for maternal education and
maternal ethnicity, pg. 44
Appendix
IRB Letter of Exemption, pg. 45
About this Master's Thesis
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