Exploring Dietary Diversity and Its Associated Factors withinHousehold and Child Populations in Bihar, India Público
Lee, Erica (2016)
Abstract
The prevalence of child malnutrition in Bihar, India is amongst the highest in the country. [39] Poor child feeding practices and food insecurity are common causes of malnutrition in India. Consuming a diverse diet and micronutrient rich foods are critical to meeting high nutrient demand for young children. The household dietary diversity scale, HDDS, and child dietary diversity scale, CDDS, are a proxy for dietary nutrient adequacy and potential determinants for proper child nutrition. Data collected in West Champaran, Bihar, India on the household and child level were used to explore the dietary diversity and its associated factors.. Food group consumption patterns were also examined. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used to examine the correlations and associations. Meat, eggs, and fruits and vegetables high in Vitamin A were consumed in low quantities (< 15.6%) on both the house and child level. Sweets (74.9%) and dairy (99.5%) were consumed more frequently among children; while other fruits and vegetables (85.6%), oils (90.1%), and legumes (54.63%) were consumed at higher rates in the households. Only 45.6% of HH and 19.6% of children meet the criteria for minimum dietary diversity. Children in households with adequate dietary diversity were 3.4 more likely to be meeting the dietary requirements. CDD was positively associated with socioeconomic status, the age of the child 2.6 (2.2,3.2), maternal nutrition knowledge 2.2 (1.2,3.1), caste, and Anganwadi home visits 1.5 (1.2, 1.8). To induce positive change on child intake, nutrition education should be the focus of health education by Anganwadi workers. Education should be centered on feeding young children all family foods and feeding children a diverse diet, 4+ food groups a day, once complementary feeding has initiated. Targeted programming is necessary to improve the nutrition status of child living in Bihar.
Table of Contents
Introduction 1
Literature Review 5
Methods 13
Results 20
Discussion 41
Conclusions 48
Bibliography 49
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