Effect of PM 2.5 and PM 10 on Birth Outcomes in Hillsborough County, Florida. Público

Abstract

Effect of PM 2.5 and PM 10 on Birth Outcomes in Hillsborough County,
Florida.

By

Nafisa Ishaku

There is a lot of concern on pollution and the constant rise of pollution in many
cities in the United States. Particulate matter has been studied as an air pol utant with
possible effects on birth outcomes, but results have varied widely on its effects. The study is
based on birth records in Hil sborough County, Florida. The objective was to assess the
association between air particulate pol utants and feto-infant morbidity outcomes; low birth
weight, very low birth weight, preterm birth, very preterm birth, and small for gestational
age. A second objective was to asess the effect of the pollutants on feto-infant morbidity
outcomes is modified by racio-ethnic differences . For this study, birth data for 103, 961
newborns were successfully linked to air pollution data from Environmental Protection
Agency from 2000-2007. Logistic regression models were used to determine the
association between pollutants and birth outcomes and Chi square test for demographic
data analysis. We observed increased risk for overall feto-infant morbidity outcome in
women exposed to any of the particulate pollutants. Exposed women had increased odds for
low birth weight, very low birth weight and preterm birth with the greatest risk being that for
very low birth weight (OR=1.27, 95% CI=1.08-1.49). Black women exposed to any
particulate pollutant had the greatest odds for al the morbidity outcomes, most pronounced
for very low birth weight (OR=3.32, 95% CI=2.56-4.30). We concluded that environmental
particulate pol utants are associated with adverse feto-infant outcomes among exposed
women, especially blacks. Black-white disparity in adverse fetal outcomes is widened in the
presence of these pollutants, thus providing a target for intervention.

Table of Contents

Introduction………………………………………………………………………….1

Air pollution and particulate matter……………………………………………1
Hillsborough County…………………………………………………………..2

Air pollution and birth outcomes………………………………………………3

Present study………………………………………………………………….. 5


Methods……………………………………………………………………………… 5

Research hypothesis……………………………………………………………5

Study population……………………………………………………………….5

PM 2.5, coarse fraction and PM 10 measurements……………………………..7

Exposure estimation………………………………………………………….. 8

Statistical analysis ………………………………………………………….…..9

Results…………………………………………………………………………….….10


Discussion………………………………………………….…………………….….12


Strengths…………………………………………………………….…….….14


Limitations……………………….. ……………………………………..….. 15

Conclusion……………………………………………………………...……………17

Recommendations for future research…………………………………………18

Recommendations for policy makers…………………………………………..18


Appendices………………………………………………………………………….37

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Environmental Health
Degree	MPH
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Health Sciences, Public Health
Palavra-chave	air pollution particulate matter birth outcomes
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Strickland, Matthew J, Emory University
Committee Members	SALIHU, HAMISU, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
Partnering Agencies	University, college or educational institution (other than Emory)

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