Ghrelin and predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging Público

Abstract

Background: Ghrelin, also known as the hunger hormone, was shown to have effects beyond the gastrointestinal system including a potential cardioprotective role.  Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death among both women and men in the United States. In preventive cardiology settings, two scores are commonly used to predict cardiovascular risk in individuals over a 10-year period, the “Framingham risk score, FRS” and the “Pooled Cohort Equations, PCE”. Evidence on the association of ghrelin with cardiovascular risk is limited. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between serum ghrelin level and predicted 10-year cardiovascular risk, using both risk scores, in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA).

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 307 participants was performed using BLSA baseline study visits conducted between 2003 and 2007. Both CVD risk scores were calculated for the total study sample based on a group of health factors and laboratory tests that have been indicated to predict developing of cardiovascular events in a 10-year period.  Multiple linear regression models were applied to assess associations between baseline 10-year predicted CVD risk and baseline ghrelin level.

Results: In unadjusted and adjusted models, a statistically significant trend for lower ghrelin level was observed with higher cardiovascular risk scores, measured via each of the FRS and PCE formulas (P-value <.0001 for each model). Categorical and continuous measures reflected the same trend.

Conclusions: In conclusion, lower serum level of ghrelin was associated with higher CVD risk in a subsample from the BLSA database. Our findings may provide public health researchers and practitioners new insights into the prevention and control of the cardiovascular events at early stages. Further studies are required to replicate this association.

Table of Contents

Table of contents

Introduction…............................................................................................................................................................................ 1

Problem statement..................................................................................................................................................................... 1

Purpose statement...................................................................................................................................................................... 6

Significance statement.............................................................................................................................................................. 6

Review of literature.................................................................................................................................................................... 7

Methods....................................................................................................................................................................................... 9

Study population........................................................................................................................................................................ 9

Data collection............................................................................................................................................................................ 11

Data analysis............................................................................................................................................................................... 12

Results…...................................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Baseline characteristics of population.................................................................................................................................... 14

Assessing for confounding factors.......................................................................................................................................... 14

Association between the predicted 10-Year CVD risk and serum ghrelin level............................................................. 14

Tables and figure........................................................................................................................................................................ 16

Discussion.................................................................................................................................................................................... 21

Summary of study...................................................................................................................................................................... 21

Discussion of key results........................................................................................................................................................... 21

Limitations and strengths.......................................................................................................................................................... 22

Implications................................................................................................................................................................................. 23

Recommendations..................................................................................................................................................................... 23

Conclusion................................................................................................................................................................................... 24

References................................................................................................................................................................................... 25

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Executive Masters of Public Health - MPH
Subfield / Discipline	Prevention Science
Degree	M.P.H.
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Health Sciences, Public Health
Palavra-chave	Ghrelin Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging Predicted 10-year cardiovascular disease risk
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Ghada. N. Farhat, PhD, MPH, Emory University
Committee Members	Chee W. Chia, MD, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program; National Institutes of Health

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