The Effects of Temperature and Season on Type 1 Diabetes Emergency Room Admissions in Georgia during January 2018 - December 2019 Público
Raymond, Julia (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Climate change is a looming global threat, yet the relationship between temperature and chronic disease is under-researched. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between monthly temperature and season and pediatric (<25 years of age) Type 1 Diabetes emergency room (ER) Admissions in the state of Georgia from January 2018 to December 2019. Monthly county-level age- and sex-stratified counts of Type 1 diabetes ER admissions were obtained through the Georgia Department of Public Health (DPH), Office of Health Indicators for Planning (OHIP). Weather information was collected for the 159 Georgia counties via Visual Crossings, a historical weather database. Population data were gathered from the US Census Bureau through R’s TidyCensus package. Data were linked by month and county, and then aggregated into three agricultural zones across the state of Georgia. Poisson regression models were used to estimate the association of monthly Type 1 diabetes ER visits and monthly temperature (categorized into quartiles) or season (4-level) at lags of 0, 3, 6, or 9 months. Models controlled for sex, age groups, agricultural zone, and year, and included an offset by sex, age group, and agricultural zone population. Overall, while no findings were statistically significant, several general trends were found. Specifically, following various lag periods, children between ages 0 - 9 years old, and those living within agricultural zone 8B9A, located in central to coastal Georgia, had among the strongest estimated risks of visiting the emergency room for Type 1 Diabetes complications for both temperature and season. There is limited research evaluating the relationship between chronic illness, temperature, and climate change and it ought to be further explored.
Table of Contents
Introduction and Background......1
Materials and Methods................4
Results.......................................9
Discussion.................................21
Conclusion................................24
References.................................25
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