Association of Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility Loci Alone and in Combination with Adherence to the WCRF/AICF Guidelines for Cancer Prevention on Colorectal Cancer Risk Público
Maillis, Alexander (Spring 2019)
Published
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common cancer in men and women combined worldwide. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified several common genetic variants associated with CRC risk. Additionally, observational studies demonstrated that healthy lifestyle choices are strongly association with colorectal neoplasms; however, little is known about joint effects of genetics and lifestyle on CRC risk.
Methods: A nested case control study including 1,462 CRC cases and 1,482 controls was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, a prospective cohort of more than 520,000 participants from 10 Western European countries. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of CRC by categories of genetic risk score (GRS) alone and in combination with the WCRF/AICR score were estimated from unconditional logistic regression models, with adjustment for age at recruitment, sex, and study center.
Results: Study participants with ≥18 CRC susceptibility loci had a statistically significantly higher risk for CRC (OR = 1.36; 95%: 1.09, 1.69) when compared to those with <14 loci. A high adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations was statistically significantly associated with a lower risk for CRC (OR = 0.79; 95%: 0.63, 0.98) compared to study participants with the least concordance. Joint analysis of the GRS and WCRF/AICR recommendation adherence suggested that better concordance with the WCRF/AICR recommendations is associated with lower CRC risk, regardless of genetic risk, so that individuals with low adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations and high genetic risk were at a statistically significantly higher risk of CRC compared to those with low genetic risk and high adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (OR = 1.63; 95%: 1.12, 2.38).
Conclusion: Our study suggests that adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations is associated with lower CRC risk regardless of the genetic risk.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
I. Background 1
a. Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Mortality
b. Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors
c. Colorectal Cancer Screening
d. Genetic Risk Alleles of Colorectal Cancer
e. WCRF/AICR Recommendations
f. Gene-Environment Interaction
II. Methods 11
III. Results 16
IV. Discussion 18
V. Future Directions 21
VI. Citations 22
VII. Tables 26
VIII. Figures 30
IX. Appendices 31
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