Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis of Factors associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Público
Chen, Joann (Spring 2021)
Abstract
Introduction
In 2019, a new coronavirus was identified and subsequently led to a global pandemic, directing many public health efforts towards development of effective vaccines. With the rapid development and rollout of the COVID-19 vaccine amid the ongoing pandemic, willingness to receive an FDA-approved vaccine is not guaranteed; vaccine hesitancy will play a key role in determining vaccine population impact globally.
Methods
We analyzed surveys (n=4,269) completed by participants in the United States, China, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia, gathered by the University of Michigan School of Public Health. Due to limited literature on the association between prior acceptance of vaccinations and future vaccine hesitance, the multivariable logistic regression analysis of this work looked at the association between having received a prior flu vaccine within the past twelve months and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, stratified by low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) and high-income countries (United States). It also assesses the association between COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and other family and social characteristics.
Results
In both LMICs and the United States, receiving a prior flu vaccine had a negative association with being hesitant towards the COVID-19 vaccine, however, the association is notably stronger in the United States, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.2 (95%CI=0.1, 0.2), compared to 0.8 (95%CI=0.7, 1) in LMICs. Living in a rural area and lower monthly income both had a positive association with being hesitant towards the COVID-19 vaccine, with stronger associations seen in the United States.
Discussion
This analysis showed that an individual’s flu vaccine history may impact the likelihood of hesitancy towards new vaccines, including to prevent COVID-19. Previous studies on vaccine hesitancy are abundant; however, limited studies specifically explore the association between vaccine hesitancy and prior vaccination. Because vaccine hesitancy is specific to culture, geography, and disease, and it is understudied in LMICs, it is very challenging to generalize COVID-19 LMIC vaccine hesitancy. As more data become available, opportunities to study attitudes and behaviors towards the COVID-19 vaccine will emerge, and they may build upon the findings of this analysis done in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………………….……………………….….……1
METHODS……………………………………………………………….………………………………….……………………………..4
RESULTS……………………………………………………………….………………..…….……………………………………………6
DISCUSSION……………………………………………………………………………….……………………………….…………….8
CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………….………...11
REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………….…….………………………………………………..12
TABLE 1…………………………………………………………….…………….…………………………………………..…………..14
TABLE 2…………………………………………………………….…………………………………………..…………….…………..15
TABLE 3……………………………………………………………..…………….………………………………….…………………..16
TABLE 4…………………………………………………………..…………….…………………………………….…………………..17
TABLE 5…………………………………………………………..…………….…………………………………….…………………..18
TABLE 6……………………………………………………..…………….………………………………………….…………………..19
TABLE 7…………………………………………………..…………….…………………………………………….…………………..20
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