Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among HIV discordant partners using Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs). Public

Abstract

ABSTRACT

There is limited data on the effect of HIV status and CD4 counts on performance of Interferon-g Release assays (IGRAs) for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).

A cross sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of and risk factors for a positive diagnostic test for LTBI, using tuberculin skin test (TST) and IGRAs among HIV-discordant couples in Zambia.

A total of 596 subjects (298couples) were enrolled. Median CD4 count among HIV positive persons was 388 cells/ μl, (range 51-1330). HIV negative persons were more likely than their HIV positive partner, to have a positive diagnostic test for LTBI with TST (203 vs 128), QFT (171 vs 109) and TSPOT (156 vs. 109). On multivariate analysis, HIV negative status was an independent predictor for a positive QFT (OR=2.22, 95% CI 1.42- 3.46) and TSPOT (OR=1.79, 95% CI 1.16-2.77). Among HIV positive subjects a CD4 count >388cells/µl was associated with a positive TST (OR= 1.76 95% CI 1.10-2.82) and QFT (OR=1.71 95% CI 1.06-2.77) but not TSPOT (OR =1.20 95% CI 0.74-1.94).

Persons with HIV had significantly fewer positive diagnostic tests for LTBI with TST, QFT and TSPOT. Persons with a CD4 count <388 cells/µl were less likely to have a positive TST or QFT, but not less likely to have a positive TSPOT. TSPOT may perform better than TST or QFT in HIV positive individuals.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction...1
Background...2
Methods...5
Null Hypothesis...5
Patient Selection...5
Sample size calculation...7
Statistical Analysis...7
Results...10
Discussion and Conclusions...13
References...17
Tables...20
Figures...30
Appendix...32

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Laney Graduate School
Department	Clinical Research Curriculum Program
Degree	MS
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery
Mot-clé	HIV Diagnostic Tests tuberculosis
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Blumberg, Henry Michael, Emory University
Committee Members	Boring, John R, Emory University

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