Abstract
Whereas diet is strongly implicated in the etiology of
colorectal cancer (CRC), single dietary constituents tend to be
weakly and inconsistently associated with the disease. Dietary
patterns may be more helpful for investigating associations of diet
with colorectal cancer. Paleolithic and Mediterranean diet pattern
scores were previously found to be inversely associated with
incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma. To investigate associations
of these dietary pattern scores with incident colorectal cancer, we
analyzed data from the prospective Iowa Women's Health Study
(IWHS). Of the 35,221 56-64 years old women who were cancer-free at
baseline, 1,731 developed incident CRC during follow-up. Both diet
scores were calculated for each participant and categorized into
quintiles, and associations were estimated using Cox proportional
hazards models. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios comparing
persons in the highest quintiles of the Paleolithic and
Mediterranean diet scores relative to those in the lowest were 0.99
(95% confidence interval (CI) 0.85, 1.19; Ptrend
= 0.85) and 1.01 (95% CI 0.86, 1.18; Ptrend =
0.98), respectively. Our findings suggest that diet patterns that
are more Paleolithic- or Mediterranean-like may not be associated
with risk for colorectal cancer among older, white women.
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