Exposure Assessment Policy Recommendation for Neurodevelopmental Testing in Communities Exposed to DDT Through Indoor Residual Spraying Öffentlichkeit
Kniola, Allison (Spring 2020)
Published
Abstract
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is an insecticide that has been used primarily for vector control. Years of known environmental destruction and identified adverse human health effects lead to a global ban of the use of DDT, with an exception being made for countries struggling to control vector borne diseases. With the introduction of malaria control initiatives, DDT use increased as it became the primary insecticide for indoor residual spraying (IRS). IRS and other forms of community spraying have now existed for decades. DDT has been found to persist in the environment for years, putting both current and future communities at risk of DDT exposure and its potential adverse effects. DDT exposure results in fertility loss, increased risk of diabetes, and increased risk of cancers. DDT exposure has also been determined to lead to neurological deficits including Parkinson’s disease, impaired cognitive functioning, and an increase in neuropsychological symptoms. In utero exposure to DDT leads to impaired neurodevelopment of children; studies show low general cognitive index scores and decreased verbal, quantitative, and memory skills for prenatal exposure. Limited studies have been conducted among populations who have long-term, high dose exposure to DDT through IRS. In order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and work towards health equity for all, an exposure assessment must be conducted in communities exposed to DDT through IRS in order to determine the true health status of individuals in these communities. The exposure assessment will allow us to address any potential neurological disorders as well as promote alternative and sustainable vector control solutions.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
Overview and Global Status of DDT
Problem Statement
Purpose
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Overview of Major Insecticides
Organophosphates
Pyrethroids
Neonicotinoids
Organochlorine Utilization and Persistence
Malaria and Vector Control
Neurological Effects of DDT Exposure
Prenatal Exposure
Occupational/Long-term Exposure
Parkinson’s Disease
Neurological Effects of Indoor Residual Spraying
CHAPTER 3: EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
Methodology
Study Area
Study Population and Sampling Procedure
Exposure Measurement and Analysis
CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION
Public Health Implications
Limitations
Future Directions
Conclusion
REFERENCES
About this Master's Thesis
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Primary PDF
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Exposure Assessment Policy Recommendation for Neurodevelopmental Testing in Communities Exposed to DDT Through Indoor Residual Spraying () | 2020-04-24 22:47:31 -0400 |
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Supplemental Files
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Exposure Assessment Policy Recommendation for Neurodevelopmental Testing in Communities Exposed to DDT Through Indoor Residual Spraying (Thesis Word document) | 2020-04-24 22:47:35 -0400 |
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