Effects of Combined Maternal Influenza Vaccine and Infant Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Nasopharyngeal Colonization with S. Pneumoniae Pubblico

Abstract

Background

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes a large proportion of pneumonia cases in children worldwide. Influenza virus infection can increase the acquisition of pneumococcal strains, and predispose individuals to pneumococcal disease. Vaccination with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) reduces the risk of pneumococcal disease and the carriage of vaccine-type serotypes. In this analysis, we explore if maternal influenza immunization enhances the effect of PCV7 vaccine on reducing pneumococcal colonization.

Methods

We completed a secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blinded, controlled 2X2 factorial design trial conduced in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Recruitment of pregnant women in their third trimester began in August 2004, and follow up ended in December 2005. Women received either 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), or inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV), and their infants received either Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), or Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Infants received vaccine at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age, and were followed weekly through 24 weeks of age. Nasal swabs collected at birth, 6, 10, 14, and 18 weeks and between 22 and 24 weeks for assessment of pneumococcal colonization. The primary endpoint was nasopharyngeal swabs that were positive for colonization with S. pneumoniae. The Clinical Trials registration number is NCT00142389.

Results

There were 80 live infants born in the PPSV23 and Hib study group, 82 in the PPSV23 and PCV7 study group, 81 in the TIV and Hib study group, and 82 in the TIV and PCV7 study group. During the period of influenza circulation, the hazard of S. pneumoniae colonization, with PPVS23 and Hib study group as the reference, was 33% lower in the TIV and PCV7 study group (HR: 0.67, 95% CI: (0.39, 1.16)).

Conclusions

Despite seeing lower hazard and time to pneumococcal colonization in the TIV and PCV7 study group, the confidence intervals for these estimates crossed the null for each of the study groups. This indicates that further studies that are powered to detect this difference may be warranted.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT 1

INTRODUCTION 3

METHODS 4

RESULTS 7

DISCUSSION 9

REFERENCES 11

TABLES 14

FIGURES/FIGURE LEGENDS 16

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Epidemiology
Degree	MPH
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Health Sciences, Public Health Health Sciences, Immunology Health Sciences, Epidemiology
Parola chiave	TIV Pneumococcus Maternal Colonization Infant S. Pneumoniae Influenza PCV7 Vaccine
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Omer, Saad B, Emory University
Partnering Agencies	Does not apply (no collaborating organization)

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