Corps et corpus bilingues d'Abdelkebir Khatibi et d'Abdelfattah Kilito Public

Abstract

Abstract
Corps et corpus bilingues d'Abdelkebir Khatibi et d'Abdelfattah Kilito
By Naïma Hachad
Claiming that the language in which they write is multilingual, thus no longer simply
French or Arabic, Moroccan authors Abdelkebir Khatibi (1938-2009) and Abdelfattah
Kilito (1945- ) inaugurate a poetics of hospitality that call for a renewal of reading tools.
Their narrative strategies, which mobilize Arabic literary tradition and Maghrebi oral and
cultural expressions on the one hand and French literature on the other, reveal the
plurality of the corpuses that constitute Francophone literature of the Maghreb. Engaging
in dialogue with poststructuralist thinkers such as Jacques Derrida, Jean-Francois Lyotard
or Hélène Cixous, Khatibi and Kilito redefine notions of alienation, exile, and division,
traditionally associated with bilingualism brought about by colonialism. The two authors
display subversive genealogies in response to monolithic and ethnocentric representations
of identity relying on linguistic, ethnic, racial and national differences. In their depiction
of bilingual bodies, they put forward metamorphosis and quest to transcribe the dynamics
of exchange, transmission and dissemination inherent to "contact zones." Drawing from
notions of "métissage," "creolization" and "opacity" as expressed by Edouard Glissant,
Khatibi and Kilito exploit the ambiguity of the frontier to expose the inadequacy of
critical and institutional categories such as "Francophone" and "Postcolonial". They craft
plural textual bodies in which bilingualism is transformed into a literary artifice to reflect
on the act of writing. They thus provide contemporary literary criticism with innovative
theoretical concepts such as "bi-langue," "pensée-autre," "double critique" or "traduction
culturelle," necessary for the understanding of literary productions originating from
societies characterized by multiple identities and cultural references.

Corps et corpus bilingues d'Abdelkebir Khatibi et d'Abdelfattah Kilito
By
Naïma Hachad
M.A., Université de Provence, 2002
A.B.D., Université de Provence, 2004
Advisor : Valérie Loichot
A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the
James T. Laney School of Graduate Studies of Emory University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree
of Doctor of Philosophy
in French
2010

Table of Contents

CONTENTS

ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………………. iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS …………………………………………………………….. vi

INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………. 1

CHAPITRE

I. REDEFINITION DE L'EXOTISME ET EMERGENCE DE LA "DOUBLE-CRITIQUE"…………………………………………………………………………... 26

1. Orientalisme et "bi-langue"
2. Orientalisme : entre dépaysement et déni de l'autre
Dualité, ambigüité et étrangeté
Distanciation, déshumanisation et dépossession
Récits de voyage et Orient fictionnel
Poétique orientaliste et idéologie coloniale
Appropriation de l'Orient et invalidation de la rencontre avec l'autre

II. REACTUALISATIONS ET INNOVATIONS DE L'ECRITURE BILINGUE………………………………………………………………………….. 84

1. La prise en charge de l'Orientalisme par Khatibi et Kilito
Récupération de l'orientalisme et subversion de l'exotisme
Jeux de miroir et confrontation du regard de l'autre
Une autre manière d'habiter la langue française
Dépaysement et réappropriation de l'exil
"Pensée-autre" et "double critique"

2. La "bi-langue" : une poétique de l'hospitalité
"Surconscience" linguistique et hospitalité langagière
La libération de l'écrivain bilingue
La "bi-langue" : entre effacement et "scription"
Théâtralisation de l'écriture et ouverture de l'espace textuel
Le blanc de la nuit et de la folie

III. SACRIFICE ET METAMORPHOSE DANS L'ENFANTEMENT DE LA "BI-LANGUE" ………………………………………………………………………….. 131

Les énergies disruptives du bilinguisme
Sacrifice et libération du corps maternel
La désaliénation de la langue française
Les artifices de libération du récit bilingue
Les limites de la "bi-langue" comme espace de la pluralité

IV. RETOURS, REVENANTS ET ETRANGETE DANS L'ECRITURE BILINGUE D'ABDELFATTAH KILITO……………………………………………………… 190

Errances, frontières et impasses
Le corps-fardeau
Etrangeté, défamiliarisation illisibilité
Interdit et transgression
Dislocation, dérèglement et isolement
Relations multiculturelles et désir d'assimilation
Exemplarité de la littérature arabe
Ecriture bilingue et "fitna": sédition, transmission et innovation
Regards croisés et nouvelles perspectives critiques
L'écriture bilingue de Kilito : une apologie de l'opacité et de la quête

CONCLUSION ………………………………………………………………………. 247

BIBLIOGRAPHIE …………………………………………………………………… 255

About this Dissertation

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School	Laney Graduate School
Department	French
Degree	PhD
Submission	Dissertation
Language	French
Research Field	Literature, African Language, General
Mot-clé	Francophone Literature North Africa Abdelfattah kilito Abdelkebir Khatibi Bilingualism
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Loichot, Valerie, Emory University
Committee Members	Marder, Elissa, Emory University Chaulet-Achour , Christiane , Université de Cergy-Pontoise Bennington, Geoffrey, Emory University

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