Effects of Calcium and/or Vitamin D Supplementation on Biomarkers of Gut Barrier Function in Colorectal Adenoma Patients: a Randomized Clinical Trial Open Access
Vermandere, Kelly (Spring 2020)
Abstract
Background: Gut barrier dysfunction may lead to chronic inflammation and contribute to several gastrointestinal diseases, including colorectal cancer. Preliminary evidence suggests that vitamin D and calcium could prevent colorectal carcinogenesis in part by influencing gut barrier function, however, human data are scarce.
Methods: We tested the effects of supplemental calcium (1,200 mg/day) and/or vitamin D3 (1,000 IU/day) on circulating biomarkers of gut permeability [anti-flagellin (FLIC) and anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) immunoglobulins (Igs), measured via ELISA] at year 1 and following 3 or 5 years of treatment after baseline examination among colorectal adenoma patients in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (n = 175), and assessed factors associated with baseline levels of these biomarkers.
Results: We found that vitamin D3 and/or calcium supplementation has no substantial effects on individual or aggregate biomarkers of gut permeability. Subgroup analyses by baseline BMI, aspirin use, calcium intake, and blood 25(OH)-vitamin D concentrations yielded similar results. At baseline, a combined permeability score (the summed concentrations of all four biomarkers) was 14% higher among women (P= 0.01) and 10% higher among those who had >1 serving/day of red or processed meat compared to those having 0 servings/day (Ptrend= 0.03).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that daily supplementation with vitamin D3
and/or calcium may not modify levels of gut permeability biomarkers, and support continued investigation of modifiable factors such as diet that could affect gut permeability.
Table of Contents
Chapter I: Background/ Literature Review...................................................1
Chapter II: Manuscript.................................................................................9
Abstract...................................10
Introduction............................11
Methods...................................12
Results.....................................20
Discussion................................22
Tables.......................................26
References................................31
Supplementary Tables..............38
Chapter III: Summary, Public Health Implications, Possible Future Directions...........................................................................63
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