Does WIC Participation Predict Dental Care Usage for Pregnant Women? 公开
Herman, Leslie Rochelle (2013)
Published
Abstract
Background: Good oral health status is especially important for pregnant women. A growing body of clinical research supports the connection between poor oral health during pregnancy and poor birth outcomes, including low birth weight. This connection is likely due to the changes in a woman's immunity during pregnancy, making her more susceptible to infection. Despite this connection between oral health and pregnancy outcomes, many women are not receiving the dental care they need during pregnancy. Already serving a large and diverse population, WIC may be an avenue for improving low-income women's awareness and access to dental care during her pregnancy. This analysis seeks to find whether WIC currently increases the likelihood pregnancy women are accessing dental care. Methods: This analysis used data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) database from six states, Colorado, Hawaii, Maine, Missouri, New York and South Carolina, collected from 2004 - 2009. Women were determined to be eligible for WIC using their reported income and household size variables prior to giving birth. Using logistic regression models, we looked at whether participation in the WIC program during pregnancy increased the likelihood that a woman would go to a dentist, receive dental education or receive preventative dental care. Results: Among all eligible women, WIC participation during pregnancy increased the odds that a woman would receive dental education by 12-14%. However, women not reporting a dental problem did not have increased odds that she would receive dental education at a statistically significant level. For both the total eligible population and women not reporting a dental problem, WIC participation did not increase the odds a woman would go to the dentist or receive preventative dental care during her pregnancy at a statistically significant level. A state-level analysis found that WIC participation did not increase the odds a woman would receive preventative care in any of the six states included in this analysis. Discussion: This analysis provides a better picture of how WIC impacts the dental care utilization of its pregnant participants.
Table of Contents
Abstract................................................................... ii Acknowledgments....................................................... iii List of Tables............................................................. v List of Abbreviations.................................................... vi I. Introduction............................................................ 1 II. Literature Review..................................................... 2 III. Methods................................................................10 IV. Results................................................................. 19 V. Discussion.............................................................. 32 VI. Conclusion............................................................. 39 VII. CDC Acknowledgement............................................ 40 VIII. Appendix..............................................................41 IX. References.............................................................42
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