Prenatal exposure to beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists in relation to autism/autism spectrum disorder: a case-control study Pubblico
Huh, Konny (2012)
Published
Abstract
Background
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor (B2AR) agonists are a class of drugs
that are administered to
mothers during pregnancy to treat various indications including
preterm labor, asthma,
allergy and respiratory infection. B2AR agonists are able to cross
the placenta and blood-
brain barrier of the fetus. Based on studies linking structural
brain abnormalities to
autism/autism spectrum disorder (AU/ASD), the in utero period has
been hypothesized as
an etiologically relevant risk period, and animal studies have
shown an association between
exposure to B2AR agonist drugs in the prenatal period and
subsequent neurodevelopmental
damage.
Methods
The CHildhood Autism Risks from
Genetics and the Environment (CHARGE) Study is
a
case-control study that enrolled 879 children and their caretakers
from families with an index
child with AU/ASD, with a developmental delay but not AU/ASD, or
from the general
population. AU/ASD diagnoses for the children were evaluated using
the Autism Diagnostic
Observation Schedules (ADOS) and the Autism Diagnostic
Interview-revised (ADI-R).
Maternal B2AR agonist drug use was based on a structured telephone
interview with the
mother. All analyses used conditional logistic regression
controlling for maternal birth place
and the matching factors: regional catchment center, child's sex
and child's age at
enrollment. Sampling fractions were used to weight the analyses to
represent the general
California population.
Results
Prenatal exposure to B2AR agonists is associated with a decreased
odds of having a child
diagnosed with AU/ASD when taken: (1) at any time during the
pregnancy period (adjusted
Odds Ratio (ORadj) 0.53; 95% Confidence
Interval (CI) 0.46 - 0.61) or (2) in the third
trimester
(ORadj 0.49; 95% CI 0.40 - 0.61).
Conclusions
Although prior studies have reported B2AR agonist use during
pregnancy increases the risk
of AU/ASD, the results of this large study did not confirm these
earlier findings.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Page
Chapter One
...................................................................................................................
1
1. Introduction and Background
..........................................................................................
1
Autism/Autism Spectrum Disorder (AU/ASD)
..........................................................................
1
Descriptive
Epidemiology.....................................................................................................1
Possible Risk
Factors..........................................................................................................1
Etiologically Relevant Window of Time
.................................................................................
3
2. Maternal Medications
...................................................................................................
4
B2AR
agonists..................................................................................................................4
Biologic
Plausibility.............................................................................................................5
Studies of Exposure to Terbutaline and AU/ASD
....................................................................
5
Studies with Other Developmental Disorder Outcomes
............................................................ 7
3. Contribution
..............................................................................................................
10
Chapter Two
.................................................................................................................
11
1. Methods
...................................................................................................................
13
Study
Design..................................................................................................................13
Recruitment and Data
Collection........................................................................................
13
Data Analysis..................................................................................................................15
2.
Results......................................................................................................................
15
Population Characteristics.................................................................................................15
3. Discussion
................................................................................................................
17
References
...................................................................................................................
21
Table 1
........................................................................................................................
26
Table 2
........................................................................................................................
28
Appendix A. IRB Letter of Approval ................................
................................................... 29
About this Master's Thesis
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Primary PDF
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Prenatal exposure to beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonists in relation to autism/autism spectrum disorder: a case-control study () | 2018-08-28 13:42:42 -0400 |
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Supplemental Files
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Thesis_Table2.pdf () | 2018-08-28 13:42:52 -0400 |
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Thesis_AppendixA.pdf () | 2018-08-28 13:43:00 -0400 |
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Thesis_Table1.pdf () | 2018-08-28 13:43:07 -0400 |
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