Primary Caregiver Health Literacy and Recommended Beverage Selection for their Young Children. Public
Gordon, Emily Catheryne (2016)
Published
Abstract
Background
Both low health literacy and obesity have a higher prevalence in minority race/ethnic populations, additionally, parental health literacy has been associated with childhood obesity. Childhood obesity has been linked with the early introduction of sugar-sweetened beverages, and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is also higher in minority youths. However, few studies have investigated beverage consumption in young children or the relationship between parental health literacy with beverage choice. This study examined that relationship in regards to current nutrition recommendations.
MethodsThis study included 268 parent/ primary caregivers who had a child (six months - six years) and attended one of three primary care clinics in the Metro Atlanta area between May 2013 and July 2015. Trained interviewers administered surveys to assess knowledge and practice of nutrition related recommendations along with Newest Vital Sign health literacy test. Beverage choice was classified as "Follows recommendations" or "Does not follow recommendations" while primary caregiver health literacy scores were classified by low literacy (0-1), limited low literacy (2-3), and adequate literacy (4-6). Logistic regression models were used to determine the association between health literacy and beverage choice of primary caregivers. Sociocontextual characteristics, age and gender of primary caregiver, education, income, and preferred survey language were included as covariates.
ResultsOf all participants, the average age was 31 years and 97% were the mother/ father of the child brought to the clinic. More than half of participants were female (64%). Only 23% of participants were Caucasian, 36% Africa American/ Black, and 41% Latino/ Hispanic participants (41%). A majority of participants had low or limited health literacy skills (77%). Adequate health literacy of primary caregivers increased the odds of selecting a recommended beverage for their child compared to primary caregivers with low health literacy (OR= 2.7 CI 0.6 -11.5).
ConclusionThe results of this study suggest greater primary caregiver health literacy is associated with the selection of a recommended beverage as the most frequent option offered for their young children. Further investigation of the association of primary caregiver health literacy with the compliance of other recommended nutrition and health behaviors may provide understanding to how parental behavior during early childhood may increase the risk of childhood obesity.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
A. Problem Statement
B. Purpose statement
C. Research Questions
D. Significance Statement
Chapter 2: Literature Review
A. Health Literacy
B. Health Literacy and Childhood Obesity
C. Beverage Consumption and Other Predictors of Childhood Obesity
D. Sociocontextual Determinants of Health. Health Literacy, and Nutrition
E. Summary of Literature Review
Chapter 3: Methodology
A. Research Design
B. Population
C. Procedure
D. Instruments
1. Survey Instrument
2. The Newest Vital Sign Health Literacy Test
E. Data Measure
1. Health Literacy
2. Recommended Beverage Choice
3. Sociocontextual Factors
F. Plan for Analysis
1. Demographic Characteristics and Health Literacy of Participants
2. Recommended Beverage Choice
3. Primary Caregiver Health Literacy and Recommended Beverage Choice
H. Delimitations and Limitations
1. Delimitations
2. Limitations
G. Ethical Considerations
Chapter 4: Results
A. Demographic Characteristics and Health Literacy of Participants
Table 1. The distribution of primary caregivers' health literacy categories by sociocontextual characteristics
B. Recommended Beverage Choice
Table 2. The distribution of primary caregivers' beverage choice for young children by sociocontextual characteristics
C. Primary Caregiver Health Literacy and Recommended Beverage Choice
Table 3. The distribution of primary caregivers' beverage choice for young children by health literacy categories
Table 4. Logistic regression models of the relationship between primary caregiver health literacy and the selection of a recommended beverage as the most frequently offered beverage for their young children
Chapter 5: Discussion/ Conclusion
Chapter 6: Implications/ Recommendations
Chapter 7: References
Chapter 8: Appendix
A. Additional Tables
Table 1. The demographic characteristics of index child
Table 2. The distribution of beverage choice of primary caregivers for young children during and between meals
B. Survey Instrument and Newest Vital Sign test
1. English Version
2. Spanish Version
3. Certificate of Accuracy
C. Assisting images
1. Beverage Images - English Version
2. Beverage Images - Spanish Version
3. Ice Cream Carton image of Newest Vital Sign test - English Version
4. Ice Cream Carton image of Newest Vital Sign test - Spanish Version
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