The contribution of qualitative research to identifying the underlying influences to sanitation and hygiene behavior: A systematic review Pubblico
Wright, Laura Kathryn (2013)
Published
Abstract
Access to sanitation and hygiene facilities is essential for improved health and quality of life. Despite their importance to health, many individuals do not use these facilities. Little is understood about why this is, and qualitative research is a potential tool to research this. To date, there is limited qualitative research regarding sanitation and hygiene behavior. Qualitative research is key to framing answers to underlying influences and patterns for uptake of healthy sanitation and hygiene behaviors.
The goal of this study was to identify the use of qualitative research methods in understanding barriers and influences on sanitation and hygiene behaviors, examine how the defined influences may affect each other and influence behavior, and identify the gaps in knowledge and opportunities for future research.
A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature from the past 10 years was conducted to identify articles that used qualitative research to examine influences on sanitation and hygiene behaviors. Eighteen eligible articles were identified from which data were extracted on the behavioral influences on hygiene and sanitation, how these extracted influences related to one another to influence behavior, and the gaps in knowledge.
The qualitative research was found to be centered on study populations of African mothers, and rural groups, and the use of in-depth interviews and structured observations. Research focused on two topic areas: handwashing and excreta disposal. Social cultural norms, distance to and desirability of sanitation and hygiene facilities influence both these behaviors. In addition, cost to change behavior, family health and safety, and presence of sanitation facilities influences excreta disposal. The use of media and education can positively affect the influence of social cultural norms. Gaps in the published literature included studies in Latin America, and amongst males, fathers, and the elderly.
Qualitative research on sanitation and hygiene behavior focuses on understanding social cultural norms of handwashing and excreta disposal. Social and cultural influences may be an effective area to intervene to improve behavior change. Interventions could potentially be accomplished through the use of media or education. The cost to change behavior may also be important, though not as important as social cultural influences.
Table of Contents
Literature Review.........................1
Manuscript..................................10
Introduction.................................11
Methods......................................15
Results.......................................21
Discussion...................................31
Public Health Implications..............36
Appendix.....................................37
References..................................41
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