In-Depth Assessment of Exclusive Breastfeeding Attitudes, Beliefs, Practices, and Key Influencers of Behavior in Villa Guadalupe, Managua Öffentlichkeit
Avila, Wendy (Spring 2018)
Published
Abstract
Background: Adequate nutrition within the first 1,000 days between a woman’s pregnancy and a child’s second birthday is critical for child development. To maintain low morbidity and mortality rates related to malnutrition, the World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of a child’s life. Nicaragua, the second poorest country in Central America, experiences disparate rates of breastfeeding practices with high general breastfeeding rates and low exclusive breastfeeding rates. This disparity is distinct in communities with high malnutrition rates like Villa Guadalupe in the department of Managua. Manna Project International is a nongovernmental organization whose mission is to serve vulnerable populations similar to the one in Villa Guadalupe through their various programs, which include: The Villa Guadalupe Clinic and the Maternal-Child Nutrition program. One of their primary goals is to gain an understanding of the influential factors behind breastfeeding practices in order to implement programming that encourages exclusive breastfeeding.
Objective: To explore local attitudes, beliefs, practices, and key influencers related to exclusive breastfeeding in the Villa Guadalupe community in Managua, Nicaragua.
Methods: A qualitative assessment involving 20 in-depth interviews with mothers was used in this study. Mothers had to be 0-1 postpartum and residents of the Villa Guadalupe community.
Results: The Theory of Planned Behavior was employed for this study. Only two of the 20 women were practicing exclusive breastfeeding at the time of the interview. Results showed that the main barriers towards exclusive breastfeeding among this community adhered to the construct, perceived behavioral control and include work, mother’s poor diet, perceived insufficient milk production, and pain and sickness.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter I. Introduction
Background and Context
Problem and Significance
Primary Objective and Specific Aims
Theoretical Framework
Figure 1. Diagram of Theory of Planned Behavior
Chapter II. Review of the Literature
Exclusive Breastfeeding
National Statistics
Theory of Planned Behavior
Chapter III. Methods
Participants, Measures, and Procedures
Data Analysis
Chapter IV. Results
Descriptive Statistics
Themes
Exclusive Breastfeeding
Intention to Breastfeed
Formula, Substances, and Other Foods
Family and Partner Support
Partner Support
Family Support
Mother’s Diet
Insufficient Food
Tibio
Information from Health Workers and Specialists
Chapter V. Discussion
Introduction
Figure 2. Theoretical Constructs Applied to Results
Figure 3. The Role of Perceived Behavioral Control on Exclusive Breastfeeding
The Role of Poverty
Recommendations
Future Research
Limitations
Conclusion
References
Appendix A: Spanish In-Depth Interview Guide
Appendix B: Codebook
Appendix C: Villa Guadalupe Participant Sociodemographic Information
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