Impact of Childcare Licensing Regulations Related To Childhood Obesity on the Home Environment: A Study of the New York City Childcare Regulations Pubblico
Lessard, Laura (2011)
Abstract
Early childhood obesity is an emerging public health concern. In
the United States, 26.2% of children ages 2-5 are either overweight
obese and research has shown that children who are overweight at an
early age are at higher risk of negative health outcomes throughout
life. One promising avenue for intervention with this age group is
changing the childcare environment, a setting where many young
children spend time. While interventions delivered in this setting
have impact on child behavior while in childcare, the overall
impact of these interventions on child weight status rests in the
combination of their behavior in that setting and at home; the
extent to which these interventions impact the home environment has
yet to be determined. This research considered the extent to which
childcare-based obesity prevention interventions have a spillover
effect on the home environment first through
a review of the published literature and second through original
research considering the effect of a policy-level intervention on
the home nutrition, physical activity and screen viewing
environment of young children in New York City.
This exploration into the possible spillover effect of
childcare-based obesity prevention interventions showed that there
is little evidence to support the translation of program effect
into the home. Across twelve existing studies and the two original
studies, there were little data to support a spillover effect of
programs without direct-to-parent components. The review considered
twelve studies of ten different interventions designed to intervene
in exercise, nutrition and/or screen viewing and the two original
studies considered the potential impact of one all-encompassing
environmental intervention on the home nutrition environment and
the home physical activity/screen viewing environment. Thus across
eleven interventions, very little impact was seen on the home
environment of
participating children. In the review paper, only seven
intervention studies assessed the home environment and only three
found a significant spillover effect. In both the original studies,
there was no effect of the intervention on the home environment.
Some reasons for the lack of spillover may be the focus of the
interventions, inadequate measurement of spillover, and
unknown or unmeasured neighborhood factors.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Item Page
Introduction 1
Unintended Consequences: The potential effect of childcare-based
18
obesity prevention interventions on the home
The impact of childcare regulations on aspects of the home 39
nutrition environment
The impact of childcare regulations on aspects of the home 54
environment related to screen time and physical activity
Conclusion 69
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