Associations of physical activity and television viewing withvarious domains of child and adolescent health Open Access
Barradas, Danielle Thompson (2009)
Published
Abstract
Nearly one in five youth in the US is overweight. Regular physical activity and limited television viewing are important behaviors for health, but few studies have related physical activity and TV viewing to changes in health among youth, or assessed the impact of sports participation as a means of acquiring physical activity. In this dissertation, relationships between weight maintenance, weight gain, and weight loss and changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors were assessed. Associations between moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and TV viewing (TV) and changes in body mass index (BMI), percent body fat (PBF), and CVD risk factors were also examined. Differences between sports participants and non- participants were described with regard to weight-related perceptions, intentions, and practices; correlates of weight-related intentions and weight-control practices in sports participants were assessed. MVPA was not associated with changes in BMI, PBF, blood pressure or blood lipids; TV was positively related to increases in BMI and PBF. Estimates of MVPA and TV did not vary among BMI maintainers, losers, and gainers, but greater increases in the sum of CVD risk factors and larger declines in HDL were observed among gainers, relative to maintainers. Independent of changes in BMI, TV was positively associated with increases in LDL. Sports participants were more likely to meet MVPA and TV guidelines than non- participants. Disordered weight-control practices did not differ between sports participants and non-participants, but intention to gain weight was more common among male sports participants than non-participants. Receiving weight-related advice from a peer or adult was associated with increased odds of weight-gaining intention and using dietary supplements among male sports participants. In females, weight-loss and weight-maintenance intentions were influenced by receiving advice from a peer and adult. Perceived weight influenced intentions more than measured BMI in this subgroup. These findings suggest that limiting TV to prevent excess increases in BMI and adiposity could have implications for reducing undesirable changes in CVD risk measures during youth. Participation in sports may be a viable mechanism to limit TV as well as provide a platform for the discussion of healthy weight-related perceptions, intentions, and practices.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..................................................................... i LIST OF TABLES............................................................................ ii LIST OF FIGURES............................................................................ iii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION............................................................ 1 References..................................................................... 5 2 LITERATURE REVIEW................................................... 7 References..................................................................... 19 3 METHODS.................................................................... 27 General considerations....................................................... 27 Project HeartBeat!................................................................................ 28 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS)...................................... 34 Muscogee County data....................................................... 37 References..................................................................... 43 4 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CHANGES IN MEASURES OF BODY COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND TELEVISION VIEWING AMONG CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: PROJECT HEARTBEAT! ........................... 45 Abstract........................................................................ 45 Introduction.................................................................... 47 Methods........................................................................ 48 Results.......................................................................... 52 Discussion...................................................................... 55 Tables and Figures............................................................ 59 References..................................................................... 61
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