Effects of atypical antipsychotic use and stress on weight in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis Public
Hampton, Joya (2015)
Abstract
Extant literature suggests that individuals with serious mental illness are at increased risk for overweight and obesity (Robson & Gray, 2007), and the introduction of pharmacological interventions, particularly atypical antipsychotics, puts this population at greater risk for increased adiposity and metabolic issues (Green et al., 2000). Research also indicates that those who suffer from severe mental illness experience greater stress (Trotman et al., 2014). Given that stress is also related to overweight and obesity (Adam & Epel, 2007), exploration of the relationship between atypical antipsychotic medication, stress, and weight is warranted. This study was a cross-sectional investigation of atypical antipsychotic use and stress in predicting weight in a sample of youth at clinical high risk for developing psychosis. Participant data was obtained as a part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Phase 2 (NAPLS-2). Self-reported weight, atypical antipsychotic use, daily stress (hassles) in the past 24 hours, and life events stress within the last year were assessed in clinical high-risk participants who were on and off atypical antipsychotics at an initial assessment as a part of the longitudinal study. Individuals taking atypical antipsychotic medications weighed more than those not taking these medications, and several measures of stressful events (dependent life events, desirable life events, and undesirable life events stress) were correlated with weight. Gender did not moderate the effect of atypical antipsychotic use on weight but dependent events and desirable life events stress moderated the relationship between atypical antipsychotic use and weight. Post hoc analyses revealed that there was a significant relationship between atypical antipsychotic use and negative and general symptoms. Findings suggest that a better understanding of the contribution of stress to weight gain in this population may be worthwhile to consider in developing interventions to address psychosocial factors that may exacerbate or buffer the effects of antipsychotic medication on weight gain.
Table of Contents
Introduction 1-5
Atypical Antipsychotic Weight Gain and Decreased Compliance 1
Mechanisms behind weight gain on atypical antipsychotics 2
The potential role of stress in atypical antipsychotic weight gain 2
Existing Interventions 4
Present Study 5
Method 6
Sample 6
Assessment Procedures 6
Measures 6
Statistical Analyses 7
Results 8-9
Demographics 8
Preliminary Analyses 8
Correlation Analyses 8
Moderation Analyses 9
Post hoc analyses 10
Discussion 9-13
Differences in the relation between stress and weight gain 10
Implications for intervention 10
Post hoc analyses 11
Strengths and Limitations 12
Directions for future research 13
Discussion 9-13
Differences in the relation between stress and weight gain 10
Implications for intervention 10
Post hoc analyses 11
Strengths and Limitations 12
Directions for future research 13
Conclusions 13
References 15-20
Tables and Figures 21-26
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