Higher Mediterranean diet quality scores and lower body mass index are associated with a less oxidized plasma glutathione and cysteine redox status in adults Öffentlichkeit

Abstract

Background: Both systemic redox status and diet quality are associated with risk outcomes in chronic disease. It is not known, however, the extent to which diet quality influences plasma thiol/disulfide redox status. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of diet, as measured by diet quality scores and other dietary factors, on systemic thiol/disulfide redox status. Design: We performed a cross-sectional study of 685 working adults in Atlanta, Georgia. Diet was measured by three diet quality scores - the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). We measured concentrations of plasma glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys), their associated oxidized forms - glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and cystine (CySS) - and their redox potentials - EhGSSG and EhCySS - to determine thiol/disulfide redox status. Linear regression modeling was performed to assess relationships after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), race, sex, and history of diabetes, hypertension and/or hyperlipidemia. Results: MDS was positively associated with plasma GSH (beta=0.03, P <0.05) and total GSH (GSH + GSSG) (beta= 0.03, P <0.05), and inversely associated with the CySS/GSH ratio (beta=-0.02, P <0.05). Additionally, we found correlations between individual Mediterranean diet components (dairy, vegetables, fish, and monounsaturated fat intake) with plasma redox indices. AHEI and DASH diet quality indices and other diet factors of interest were not significantly correlated with plasma thiol/disulfide redox measures. Conclusion: Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with plasma thiol/disulfide redox systems, adjusted for BMI. These findings contribute to the feasibility of targeting Mediterranean diet to improve plasma redox status.

Table of Contents

Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methods 3 Results 6 Discussion 9 References 13 Tables 19 Figures 24 Appendices: Supplemental Tables and Figures 25

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Epidemiology
Degree	MPH
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Health Sciences, Nutrition Health Sciences, Public Health Health Sciences, Epidemiology
Stichwort	oxidative stress glutathione diet quality diet Mediterranean diet redox status
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Hartman, Terry, Emory University
Committee Members	Ziegler, Thomas R, Emory University Alvarez, Jessica A., Emory University
Partnering Agencies	Emory University schools, faculty or affiliated programs

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