Identifying Socio-ecological Predictors of Sarcopenia in the Elderly Japanese Population for Multidisciplinary Prevention Practices: A Systematic Review 公开

Shimamoto, Junya (Summer 2020)

Permanent URL: https://etd.library.emory.edu/concern/etds/ks65hd38g?locale=zh
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Abstract

Background: Sarcopenia is a condition that is characterized by loss of muscle mass, muscle strength, and functional muscle impairment with aging (Fuggle, Shaw, Dennison, & Cooper, 2017). In Japan, the estimated number of prevalent cases of Sarcopenia in Japanese elderly individuals was approximately 1.3 million and 1.4 million for men and women, respectively (Yuki et al., 2015). It is expected that the prevalence of sarcopenia in Japan will increase along with the aging rate and will be an economic burden to the government if this is not addressed. Since sarcopenia is generally thought to be caused by multiple factors such as environmental causes, disease triggers, inflammatory pathway activation, loss of neuromuscular junctions, and hormonal changes (Walston, 2012), there is a need to understand sarcopenia by using a socioecological approach to understanding predictors that may help to reduce the morbidity from sarcopenia in the elderly Japanese population.

Objective: To identify socio-ecological predictors of Sarcopenia for understanding the current status and for multidisciplinary prevention practices in the elderly Japanese population.

Data Sources: A systematic search of published literature was done in Pubmed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, Medical Online from the year of 2013- 2020.

Data Collection: In the first screening stage, an online search was done with the following keywords: “sarcopenia” AND “elderly” AND “Japan” AND “risk factor” AND “prevention”. Removal of duplicates and exclusion of references irrelevant to this systematic review was performed. In the second step, the selected studies were further screened to meet the inclusion criteria. Screening was conducted to find research studies dealing with specific diseases (e.g., cancer, heart disorder, liver dysfunction, diabetes mellitus). Studies dealing with Japanese populations that were not specific to a given disease, studies with animal subjects, or studies with full-text unavailable, were excluded.

Results: Of 669 articles identified through the online database search, 12 articles are reviewed following the inclusion criteria.

Conclusion: Most of the articles mentioned the individual level associated factors of sarcopenia.  There were only a few papers that described the interpersonal, organizational, and community-level factors with none at the policy level. A socio-ecological framework for sarcopenia among the elderly Japanese population was suggested in this review. Further studies that define indicators would be required for a multidisciplinary approach to sarcopenia among the aging Japanese society.

Table of Contents

Chapter I: Introduction……………………………………………………………………. 9

Chapter II: Review of Literature

1.    Introduction…………………………………………………………………. 10

2.    Diagnosis ………………………………………………………………….... 11

3.    Epidemiology……………………………………………………………….. 12

4.    Summary of current problem……………………………………………….. 13

Chapter III: Methodology

1.    Introduction …………….…………………………………………………… 13

2.    Literature search strategy

(i)            Literature search….…………………………………………………. 14

(ii)          Data extraction………………………………………………………. 14

(iii)        Analysis plan………………………………………………………… 15

Chapter IV: Result

1.    Study selection……………………………………………………………… 21

2.    Descriptive findings from the systematic review…………………………… 21

3.    Methodology quality………………………………………………………… 23

Chapter V: Discussion

1.    Introduction…………………………………………………………………. 24

2.    Summary of the studies…………………………………………………….. 25

3.    Discussion of key results…………………………………………………… 25

4.    Limitation.………………………………………………………………….. 32

Chapter VI: Conclusion

1.    Implementation….………………………………………………………….. 33

2.    Recommendation…………………………………………………………… 33

3.    Conclusion………………………………………………………………….. 34

Conflict of interest…………………………………………………………………............. 35

References…………………………………………………………………………………. 36

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