Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the PsA-TT conjugate vaccine MenAfriVac ™ against Probable Meningococcal Meningitis in 1-29 year olds in Burkina Faso, 2011-2013 Open Access

Adrien, Nedghie (2014)

Permanent URL: https://etd.library.emory.edu/concern/etds/ks65hc82t?locale=en
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Abstract

Background: Explosive outbreaks of meningitis are an important public health threat to a region of Africa known as the "Meningitis Belt" [1, 2]. In order to address the specific needs of the African continent, eliminate epidemics and reduce the burden of disease, an affordable conjugate vaccine MenAfriVacâ„¢ was developed and introduced to Burkina Faso in 2010.

Methods: Using a case-control design (n = 1,736), this analysis assessed the vaccine effectiveness (VE) against probable meningococcal disease to determine potential indirect protection. Analyses were conducted using conditional logistic regression.

Results: There were 778 cases enrolled and matched by age and districts to 958 controls. Of those 778, 111 were classified as probable meningococcal cases. Following adjustments for independent risk factors, estimated VE was 38% (95%CI -41.0-73, p =0.25) for reported vaccination (including verified) and 57.0% (95%CI -5-82.3, p=0.06) for verified vaccination, excluding reported status.

Conclusions: Results from this analysis provide unpersuasive support for the current belief that the progressive introduction of the vaccine corresponds with the decrease in the number of reported meningitis cases [3]. Larger future studies are needed to provide a stronger argument on cross-protection from MenAfriVacâ„¢ against other serogroups of meningitis.

Table of Contents

I. Background Epidemiology of bacterial meningitis………………………………………………………………..............1 Neisseria meningitidis ………………………………………………………………………………...................1 Clinical presentation of disease and laboratory testing…………………………………………….....2 Meningitis in Sub-Saharan Africa…………………………………………………………………................3 Prior control measures………………………………………………………………………………................. 5 MenAfriVac ™……………….……………………………………………………………………...................... 5 II. Manuscript Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………..................... 7 Methods …………………………………………………………………………………………….......................11 Results………………………………………………………………………………………………...................... 14 Discussion…………………………………………………………………………………………...................... 16 References…………………………………………………………………………………………..................... 19 Tables………………………………………………………………………………………………....................... 23 Figures/Figure Legends……………………………………………………………………………................. 28

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