Association between resilience and neurocognitive performance 公开

Wingo, Aliza P (2010)

Permanent URL: https://etd.library.emory.edu/concern/etds/jq085k66k?locale=zh
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Abstract

Abstract
Association between resilience and neurocognitive performance
By Aliza P. Wingo

Background: Whether psychological resilience correlates with neurocognitive
performance is largely unknown. Therefore, we assessed association between
neurocognitive performance and resilience in individuals with a history of
childhood abuse or trauma exposure.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 226 highly traumatized civilians, we
assessed neurocognitive performance, history of childhood abuse and other
trauma exposure, and current depressive and PTSD symptoms. Resilience was
defined as having ≥ 1 trauma and no current depressive or PTSD symptoms; non-
resilience as having ≥ 1 trauma and current moderate/severe depressive or PTSD
symptoms.

Results: The nonresilient group had a higher percentage of unemployment (p =
0.002) and previous suicide attempts (p <0.0001) than the resilient group. Both
groups had comparable education and performance on verbal reasoning,
nonverbal reasoning, and verbal memory. However, the resilient group
performed better on nonverbal memory (p=0.016) with an effect size of 0.35.
Additionally, more severe childhood abuse or other trauma exposure was
significantly associated with non-resilience. Better nonverbal memory was
significantly associated with resilience even after adjusting for severity of
childhood abuse, other trauma exposure, sex, and race using multiple logistic
regression (adjusted OR=3.21; p=0.01).

Conclusions: We examined resilience as absence of psychopathology despite
trauma exposure in a highly traumatized, low socioeconomic, urban population.
Resilience was significantly associated with better nonverbal memory, a measure
of ability to code, store, and visually recognize concrete and abstract pictorial
stimuli. Nonverbal memory may be a proxy for emotional learning, which is
often dysregulated in stress-related psychopathology, and may contribute to our
understanding of resilience.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction 1
2. Background 2
3. Methods 3
Sample, recruitment, and procedure 3
Measures 3
Resilience 6
Statistical analysis 6
4. Results 8
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics 8
Neurocognitive performance 8
Multiple logistic regression models 9
5. Discussions 11
6. References 15
7. Tables 21

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