Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Healthcare Personnel in Manaus, Brazil Restricted; Files & ToC
Parra, Gemma (Spring 2022)
Published
Abstract
Introduction: Brazil experienced one of the worst public health crises in their history as their health system was overwhelmed by a second wave of COVID-19 infections, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This second wave coincided with the emergence of the gamma variant in the Amazonian region of Manaus. The World Health Organization has identified gamma as a variant of concern due to its high transmissibility and antibody escape. In Manaus, a large burden of the COVID-19 response has fallen on Healthcare personnel (HCP), who are a high-risk population that needs to be protected due to their extensive exposure to COVID-19 patients.
Methods: To identify potential risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCP in Brazil, we conducted a longitudinal cohort study of HCP from two hospitals in Manaus. We collected demographic and occupational data through baseline and weekly questionnaires and weekly antigen tests from 771 HCP over a four-week follow-up period.
Results: We identified 16 incident cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection and a SARS-Co-V-2 attack rate of 2%. We were unable to identify any demographic characteristics or exposures that were significantly associated with the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection. When adjusting for variables identified to be risk factors for infection in other studies conducted on HCP in the United States and Brazil, we found no significant exposures for SASRS-CoV-2 infection in any models, whether they included a subset of covariates selected a priori or all potential covariates (i.e., fully saturated).
Conclusion: The lack of significant findings is likely attributable to the low attack rate and high immunity from previous infection or vaccination in our study population. Additional longitudinal research on risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in HCP in Brazil is still necessary.
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