بهدف تضييع الوقت ,مفكر حالو محور الكون و بيقدر يعمل اللي بدو ياه: When Men Think They Are the Center of the Universe. A Qualitative Study of Perceived Causes of Sexual Harassment in a Jordanian University Público
Sandhu, Seema (Spring 2019)
Published
Abstract
Background: Sexual harassment is a phenomenon that plagues most societies. In the Middle East and North Africa, research on sexual harassment has primarily focused on Egypt and Turkey. Egypt has numerous feminist organizations seeking to eradicate sexual harassment from its society. In contrast to Egypt, there are not as many feminist organizations in Jordan that raise the issue of sexual harassment. Jordan has been experiencing cultural shifts, with more women attending university. These shifts may increase the exposure of sexual harassment for Jordanian women. This qualitative study will examine the perceived root causes of sexual harassment on a Jordanian campus by using the sociocultural theory.
Methods: Data for this study include focus group discussions (N=6) and data from a local data-collection method (FADFED) in which students responded to two questions (N=602 total responses). Guided theory was used for the analysis of data. Four steps were followed for grounded theory analysis: the development of a codebook, testing for inter-coder agreement and codebook revisions, coding of data, and conducting descriptive and comparative analysis. The music, not the dance approach was used to understand how background context influences the focal issues to help recognize underlying systems (social and cultural) that influence sexual harassment.
Results: The data indicated that patriarchy was a perceived cause of sexual harassment, with subthemes of structural power, gender roles & expectations, conservative environment, and tribalism. Sexual harassment was seen as a method for men to exercise power and control over women. Additionally, participants discussed expectations of dress. A woman who violates the norm of dressing conservatively is labeled as indecent, seen as sexually available, and men will then sexually harass her. Male participants also discussed the structural power professors hold and how this may result in them sexually harassing their female students. Alongside the power that professors hold, participants examined the power of tribes and its relation to sexual harassment.
Conclusion: Study findings identify important root causes that warrant sustained action to enhance the safety and well-being of all students. Further research is needed to establish the prevalence of sexual harassment to further guide university policy and practice.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION 1
BACKGROUND & RATIONALE 1
PROBLEM STATEMENT 2
RESEARCH QUESTION 3
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT 3
LITERATURE REVIEW 4
INTRODUCTION 4
SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY 4
GENDER ROLES & EXPECTATIONS 5
MASCULINITY 5
MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA CONTEXT 6
MAJOR EVENTS IN EGYPT 7
LEGAL STRUCTURES IN EGYPT 8
PREVALENCE OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN EGYPT 9
CONTEXT & LEGAL STRUCTURES IN JORDAN 9
EDUCATION IN JORDAN 11
MAJOR EVENTS IN JORDAN 12
PREVALENCE OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN JORDAN 12
SUMMARY 13
METHODOLOGY 15
INTRODUCTION 15
POPULATION & SAMPLE 15
RESEARCH DESIGN & PROCEDURES 16
DATA ANALYSIS 17
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS 19
RESULTS 20
PATRIARCHY 20
GENDER ROLES & EXPECTATIONS 21
STRUCTURAL POWER 23
CONSERVATIVE ENVIRONMENT 24
TRIBALISM 26
DISCUSSION, RECOMMENDATIONS, & CONCLUSION 29
SUMMARY 29
PATRIARCHY 30
TRIBALISM 31
LIMITATIONS 32
REFLEXIVITY 33
NEXT STEPS FOR THE UNIVERSITY 34
CONCLUSION 34
APPENDIX A: CODEBOOK 36
APPENDIX B: FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION GUIDE 39
REFERENCES 41
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بهدف تضييع الوقت ,مفكر حالو محور الكون و بيقدر يعمل اللي بدو ياه: When Men Think They Are the Center of the Universe. A Qualitative Study of Perceived Causes of Sexual Harassment in a Jordanian University () | 2019-04-24 12:10:19 -0400 |
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