Oral contraceptive use and vitamin D status among women ages 15-44 in the US: a cross-sectional study Open Access

Abstract

Oral contraceptive use and vitamin D status among women ages 15-44 in the US: a cross-sectional study
By
Kimberly Brinker

Purpose: This analysis was conducted to determine the association between oral contraceptive (OC) use and vitamin D status in women ages 15-44 by analyzing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2006.

Methods: The sample was limited to women ages 15-44 who were not pregnant or breastfeeding, had no history of having an ovary removed or hysterectomy, and were not taking any forms of estrogen and progestin for any reason other than OC. Characteristics including age, race, income, body mass index (BMI), dietary supplement use, and seasonality were analyzed. Women with serum 25(OH)D levels <19ng/mL were considered vitamin D insufficient while those whose serum 25(OH)D levels >19ng/mL were considered sufficient. A logistic regression model was used to estimate prevalence ratio of vitamin D insufficiency by oral contraceptive use when taking the aforementioned characteristics into account.

Results: OC use was significantly associated with vitamin D status when accounting for age, race, income, BMI, dietary supplement use, and seasonality. Women using OC had a lower prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency than non-OC users (prevalence ratio 0.59). Among women who were categorized as vitamin D insufficient, 19.1% were OC users whereas 44.6% were non-OC users.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that OC use does affect serum 25(OH)D concentrations.

Oral contraceptive use and vitamin D status among women ages 15-44 in the US: a cross-sectional study
By
Kimberly Brinker
MPH, Emory University, 2012
BSN, Emory University, 2004
Thesis Committee Chair: Kevin Sullivan, PhD, MPH, MHA
Thesis Field Advisor: Andrea Sharma, PhD, MPH
Thesis Committee Member: Emeka Oraka, MPH
An abstract of
A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the
Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of
Master of Public Health in the Career MPH program
2012

Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Introduction 1
Methods 3

Data source and participant selection 3
Outcome variables and covariate definitions 3
Statistical Analysis 4

Results 6
Discussion 8
References 11

Appendices 13
Appendix A- NHANES Variable Names and Questions 13
Appendix B- Figures 14
Appendix C- Tables 15
Appendix D- SAS/SUDAAN Code 17
Appendix E- SUDAAN Output 27

About this Master's Thesis

Rights statement

• Permission granted by the author to include this thesis or dissertation in this repository. All rights reserved by the author. Please contact the author for information regarding the reproduction and use of this thesis or dissertation.

School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Career Masters of Public Health
Degree	MPH
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Health Sciences, Epidemiology
Keyword	oral contraceptives vitamin D
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Sullivan, Kevin M, Emory University Sharma, Andrea, CDC
Committee Members	Oraka, Emeka, ICF International
Partnering Agencies	CDC

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