Depression is associated with earlier onset of cognitive impairment in a population-based longitudinal cohort Pubblico

Abstract

Abstract:

Introduction: Many community-based studies have shown an association between depression and the development of cognitive impairment. In this study, we investigated whether depression was associated with differing incidence rates of cognitive impairment in individuals aged 50 or older and whether depression was associated with an earlier onset of cognitive impairment. We also investigated if genetic liability for depression, as represented by polygenic risk score (PRS) for depression, was associated with cognitive impairment.

Methods: Participants were recruited by the Health and Retirement Study, a population-based longitudinal survey of United States individuals that collects data on various sociodemographic and psychological measures using validated measures. Inclusion criteria for the current study was the availability of measures of depression, cognitive status, and availability of genotyping. PRS for depression was estimated using PRSice-2. Analyses were conducted using adjusted logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards, and linear regression.

Results: A total of 6656 participants were included in this study who were assessed every two years for depression and cognitive status for a median of 16 years. Participants with depression had a significantly higher hazard for cognitive impairment compared to those without (HR = 1.9, 95% CI: (1.58,2.27)). Depression was associated with an earlier onset age of cognitive impairment (β = 2.4 years, 95% CI: (1.52, 3.22). Finally, depression PRS was not significantly associated with hazard of developing cognitive impairment (HR = 0.99; 95% CI (0.88, 1.13)).

Discussion: Mid-to-late-life depression was associated with i) a higher hazard of developing cognitive impairment and ii) early onset of cognitive impairment. These findings suggest mid-to-late-life depression may be an early indicator of future cognitive decline. Future work ought to focus on identifying the causes of cognitive decline associated with depression.

Table of Contents

Introduction: Page 1

Methods: Page 3

Results: Page 7

Discussion: Page 9

Tables and Figures: Page 13

References: Page 17

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Epidemiology
Degree	M.P.H.
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Biology, Genetics Health Sciences, Epidemiology Health Sciences, Mental Health
Parola chiave	Early Onset Cognitive Impairment PRS Health and Retirement Study Depression
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Anke Huels, Emory University
Committee Members	Aliza Wingo, Emory University Thomas Wingo, Emory University

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