Increased Rate of Late-Night Motor Vehicle Fatalities Among Older Drivers Ages 55-79 in Georgia, From 1991-2010 公开
Sumagpang, Rachel Anne B (2014)
Abstract
Abstract
Increased Rate of Late-Night Motor Vehicle Fatalities Among Older Drivers Ages 55-79 in Georgia, From 1991-2010
By Rachel Anne B. Sumagpang
Background Late-night fatal crash rate for drivers age 55-75 and over has been increasing steadily from the early 1990s through mid-2000s. This study examined the role of headlight, distraction, and alcohol-related crashes in the increasing rate of fatal late-night crashes among older drivers from 1991-2010.
Methods Driver fatal crash rates for older drivers were calculated annually and in 5-year intervals: 1991-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005, and 2006-2010. Annual age-stratified rates were also calculated for gender, alcohol-related, headlight-related, distraction-related, and by location of the crash. Rate Ratios were calculated to compare fatal crash rates to determine if the trend of increasing rate of fatal nighttime crashes among older adults continued. Multiple linear regression was used to compute analysis of variance models to observe the difference among the multiple age categories of older drivers.
Results Late-night fatal crash rates steadily increased among older drivers 55-79, from 1991-2005, but decreased from 2006-2010. Though late-night fatal crash rates decreased, there was an overall increase from the first 5-year interval to the fourth 5-year interval, among drivers ages 55-79. Closer inspection of rate ratios by 5-year intervals indicated that this increase was restricted to three age groups: 55-59, 60-64, and 70-74. In contrast, multiple linear regression analysis indicated that there was a significant linear relationship between year and late-night, fatal crashes for drivers ages 55-79, but further inspection attributed this to increases by year only for drivers ages 55-59 and 75-79. None of the variables of interest were significantly associated with the late-night, fatal crash rate over time.
Conclusion With the increasing motor vehicle fatality rates among older drivers, it may be helpful to determine policy interventions specific to older drivers and examine the effectiveness of these policies on late-night fatal crash rate. Additional studies examining the role of distraction and headlights on late-night fatality, may help determine modifiable driving behaviors and factors relevant to an effective intervention to reduce driving injuries and death among older drivers.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Background...................................................................................................................1
Methods.......................................................................................................................8
Results........................................................................................................................14
Discussion................................................................................................................... 25
References.................................................................................................................. 29
Tables........................................................................................................................ 34
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