Community-level Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Bangladesh Öffentlichkeit
VanderEnde, Kristin Elizabeth (2012)
Abstract
Abstract
Community-level Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence Against
Women in Bangladesh
The relationship between communities and the occurrence of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is an expanding area of global research. In Bangladesh, however, few researchers have examined community-level correlates of IPV against women. We addressed this gap in the literature through a systematic review of the global evidence regarding the community-level correlates of IPV against women, highlighting significant findings. We built upon the findings from this systematic review in two quantitative analyses of data drawn from the Bangladesh subset of the World Health Organization's Multi-country Study of Women's Health and Domestic Violence Against Women. First, we employed a multi-level contextual effects analysis to disentangle the household and community-level associations between income and physical and sexual IPV against women. Second, we examined the relationship between community collective efficacy, patriarchal norms, gendered status inequalities, and community income in relation to physical IPV against women in a rural area of Bangladesh. Findings from the systematic review revealed an over-reliance on a primarily urban, U.S.-based perspective on communities and IPV against women. Results of the contextual effects analysis showed an association between income and physical and sexual IPV against women in Bangladesh operating at the household, but not community, level. Multi-level analysis of data from rural Bangladesh showed that women living in communities in which few women question traditional gender norms (those with higher patriarchal norm scores) reported lower log physical IPV rates then women living in communities in which a greater percentage of women question traditional gender norms (those with lower patriarchal norm scores). Additionally, the level of patriarchal norms in a community modified the relationship between collective efficacy and physical IPV. Specifically, collective efficacy had a negative association with log physical IPV rates, but this association was strongest in communities with lower levels of patriarchal norms. These findings suggest that future research should focus on the possible protective effect of collective efficacy, especially in communities in which traditional gender norms are in transition.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 - Introduction...1
Chapter 2 - Community-level Correlates of Intimate Partner Violence
Against Women Globally: A Systematic Review...35
Table 2.1...62
Table 2.2...63
Table 2.3...64
Table 2.4...67
Table 2.5...70
Figure 2.1...76
Figure 2.2...77
Chapter 3 - Community Economic Status and Physical and Sexual
Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Bangladesh:
Compositional or Contextual
Effects?...78
Table 3.1...109
Table 3.2...111
Table 3.3...112
Table 3.4...113
Chapter 4 - Community-level Correlates of IPV Against Women in Rural Bangladesh...114
Table 4.1...145
Table 4.2...146
Table 4.3...147
Table 4.4...148
Table 4.5...149
Table 4.6...150
Figure 4.1...151
Chapter 5 - Conclusion...152
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