People, plants, and prescriptions: Effects of herbal supplements on pharmaceutical drug metabolism Público

Abstract

Many people rely on both herbal dietary supplements, which are a form of traditional medicine, and pharmaceutical drugs, which are a form of allopathic medicine, when treating illnesses. In the United States, 18-30% of individuals consume herbal dietary supplements (Clarke et al., 2015). However, there is a need for more research on the interactions between herbal dietary supplements and pharmaceutical drugs. The objective of this study is to identify an herbal dietary supplement that could interfere with drug metabolism and to determine how the use of this herb in traditional medicine could impact the efficacy of pharmaceutical drugs. This project will highlight the importance of considering cultural practices and the uses of traditional medicine when treating patients with allopathic medicine.    

The project included a high-throughput screening for cytochrome P450 (P450) inhibition by 20 species commonly used as herbal supplements. Following the initial screening, two species of cinnamon were identified as having a strong inhibitory effect on at least one drug metabolizing P450. A concentration-response curve was completed for these Cinnamomum spp. against P450 isoenzyme CYP2C9. Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) values of CYP2C9 were calculated for both Cinnamomum verum and Cinnamomum burmannii. C. burmannii bark extracted in 80% ethanol showed the greatest inhibition of CYP2C9.

This study aims to reveal more about how dietary supplements interact with pharmaceutical drugs. This knowledge will benefit both traditional medicine users and physicians who prescribe pharmaceutical drugs. As a result, this project will improve the safety and efficacy of pharmaceuticals by increasing our understanding of herb-drug interactions. 

 

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction……………………………………………………………………….................................. 1         

Plants as medicine: Complementary medicine use in the United States Herb-drug interactions: Drug metabolism Project overview

Chapter 2: Literature Review……………………………………………………………………………………………... 4           

Herbal supplement use in the United States Function of cytochrome P450 enzymes Herb-drug safety

Chapter 3: Materials and Methods……………………………………………………………………………………… 13

Experimental overview

Materials

Methods Data analysis

Chapter 4: Results…………………………………………………………………………….................................. 24

Initial Screening: Inhibitory activity of herbal supplements on Cytochrome P450 enzymes Half-maximal inhibitory concentration screening of Cinnamomum spp. on P4502C9

Chapter 5: Discussion…………………….………………………………………………………………………………. 31

References……………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………34

Appendix………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………40

  

 

About this Honors Thesis

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School	Emory College
Department	Anthropology
Degree	B.S.
Submission	Honors Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Anthropology, Cultural Biology, Botany Biology, Microbiology
Palabra Clave	Cytochrome P450 enzymes Drug metabolism Ethnobotany Cinnamomum Herbal supplements
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Quave, Cassandra, Emory University
Committee Members	Hadley, Craig, Emory University Gavegnano, Christina, Emory University Edward, Morgan, Emory University

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