Community-Based Management of Handpumps in Rural Ghana: A Quantitative Analysis of What Needs to Change 公开
Lane, Morgan (Spring 2019)
Abstract
Background: The image of broken down, unused handpumps littering landscapes in Sub-Saharan Africa is a familiar and disappointing sight for many in the water sector. Around a quarter of the population in Ghana have access to safely managed water, the ‘gold standard’ service. However, only 7% of the rural population receive water at this service level. Community-based management (CBM) is the main system of water provision in rural Ghana and has often been called into question as an effective management model.
Objective: To investigate some of the factors that contribute to the sustainability of water systems in rural Ghana by examining the relationship between characteristics of the Water and Sanitation Management Teams (WSMT), the community-based management teams, and handpump functionality in rural Ghana.
Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using functionality and management data collected by IRC, a water, sanitation, and hygiene focused non-governmental organization, on 11,597 handpumps across six regions in Ghana. Two multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between the dependent outcomes of interest (handpump functionality and reliability) and the explanatory predictors of interest (management factors).
Results: Handpumps were more likely to be functional when they were managed by WSMTs with younger handpumps, spare parts available within three days, breakdown repair within three days, positive revenue and expenditure balances and no need for repair support from the service authority. They were more likely to be reliable when managed by WSMTs with younger handpumps, initial training of members, spare parts and breakdown repairs within three days and positive revenue and expenditure balance.
Conclusions/Recommendations: Many service providers and authorities in rural Ghana currently lack the capacity to manage handpumps in accordance with national guidelines. In order to promote sustainability of the rural water system, the CBM model in Ghana may require some restructuring. In the effort to provide safely managed water to the entire population in Ghana, the rural water sector may benefit from privatization, professionalization, restructured budget allocations, and/or centralization.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction……………………………………………………………………...…….9
Chapter 2: Literature Review…………………………………………………………..…..…….14
Chapter 3: Project Content……………………….………………………………………………22
Chapter 4: Discussion, Recommendations and Conclusion……………………………………..36
Thesis References………………………………………………………..………………………45
Tables………………………….…………..……………………………………………………..49
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