Impact of the Family Health Program in Vespasiano, Brazil on the Nutritional Status of Children Five Years and Younger Pubblico
Panjwani, Anita Aalia (2012)
Published
Abstract
Background: Increasingly, the dual burden of both
under-nutrition and over-nutrition has been
an issue in rapidly developing countries such as Brazil. [1] Brazil's Programa Saúde da
Familia
(PSF) is aimed at supporting the primary healthcare system. There
is a need to assess the role of
this program in preventing childhood malnutrition.
Goal: The goal of this study was to examine the prevalence and
determinants of nutritional
indicators, including stunting, wasting, underweight,
overweight-obesity, and anemia among
children under five in Vespasiano, Minas Gerais, Brazil and to
assess the impact of the status of
enrollment in the PSF on these nutritional indicators.
Methods: To address these goals, in 2010, children under the
age of five years were sampled from
households, through a cross-sectional design, to quantify the
prevalence of nutritional status
indicators in Vespasiano. In 2011, children under five were sampled
from clinics, through a case-
control design to evaluate the influence of enrollment in the PSF
on nutritional status indicators.
Results: We found lower prevalence of all indicators in 2010
and most in 2011, compared to
recent data on the municipality of Vespasiano, with the exception
of stunting and underweight in
2011 No significant prevalence differences were found between PSF
and non-PSF enrolled
families. Significant associations between indicators and adjusted
risk factors included negative
associations between female gender and overweight-obesity (OR=0.20
(95%CI 0.05,0.83)), female
gender and stunting (OR=0.31 (95%CI 0.11,0.89)), and number of
siblings and overweight-obesity
(OR=0.32 (95%CI 0.11,0.92)). Positive associations were found
between siblings and stunting
(OR=1.62 (95%CI 1.13,2.30)) and between low birth-weight (LBW) and
stunting (OR=4.17 (95%CI
1.24,14.03)), wasting (OR=34.2 (95%CI 2.263,515.909)) and anemia
(OR=4.8 (95%CI 1.24,18.64)).
Conclusion: We conclude from these data that there was no
significant effect of the PSF on the
nutritional status of children under five in Vespasiano.
Determinants that did have a significant
effect on malnutrition included gender, age, LBW, and number of
siblings.
Implications: We suggest that regardless of the PSF, efforts be
made to improve the assessment
and prevention of stunting and underweight status among children
under five in Brazil.
Particular attention should be given to nutritional intake of boys
and LBW children.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Literature Review...1
Introduction...10
Methods...13
Results...20
Discussion...25
Tables...33
Public Health Implications...36
References...37
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