Examining the Association between Socio-Demographic Variables and the Use of Contraception Before and After Abortion in the United States Using the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth Public
Hoyte, Tiffany (2014)
Published
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Unintended pregnancies present a
significant cost to the health care system in the U.S. that can be
markedly reduced by improving access to and utilization of
effective contraception. Nearly half of all pregnancies in the U.S.
are unintended and of these 43% end in abortion with 47% of all
abortions being repeat procedures. Use of effective contraception
post-abortion is essential in preventing a repeat unintended
pregnancy and repeat abortion.
Objective: To determine the contraceptive prevalence of
women pre and post abortion and determine which socio-demographic
factors are associated with using more effective contraceptive
methods post-abortion compared to pre-abortion using data from the
2006 to 2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG).
Methods: Data was obtained from the 2006-2010 NSFG, which
conducted a nationally representative, area probability sample of
12,279 women age 15-44 years in the U.S. Multivariate linear
regression was performed to determine which selected
socio-demographic factors are the best predictors of the use or
non-use of contraception pre-abortion and post-abortion and of the
effectiveness of contraception used before and after abortion.
Chi-square tests were also performed to determine if there was an
association between each socio-demographic variable and the
effectiveness of contraception used.
Results: Most (56.1%) women at risk of unintended pregnancy
in the U.S. use a moderately effective form of contraception and
among those who have had an abortion 39.2% use a highly effective
form of contraception. It is concerning that 31.4% of women chose
to use no method of contraception post-abortion. Informal marital
status and total number of births were associated with the
effectiveness of contraception chosen pre-abortion and race and
total number of births were associated with effectiveness of
contraception chosen post-abortion.
Discussion: The association of higher abortion rates and
higher rates of unintended pregnancies occurring among women of
certain socio-demographic characteristics suggests that the key to
reducing abortion rates lies in improving family planning among
these vulnerable groups. Emphasis should be placed on reducing
barriers to contraceptive access especially for these groups of
women and family planning providers should help clients to identify
methods that they are most likely to use successfully.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Problem Statement 3
1.3 Purpose 4
1.4 Research Questions 4
1.5 Significance 5
Chapter 2: Literature Review 9
2.1 Unintended Pregnancy and Induced Abortion in the U.S. 9
2.2 Role of Contraception in Preventing Unintended Pregnancy and Induced Abortion 15
2.3 Pre and Post Abortion Contraceptive use in the U.S. 20
Chapter 3: Methodology 24
3.1 The National Survey of Family Growth 24
3.2 Sampling Design 24
3.3 Data Collection 26
3.4 Data Analysis 27
Chapter 4: Results 31
4.1 Induced Abortions 31
4.2 Socio-demographic Characteristics 34
4.3 Use of Contraception 36
Chapter 5: Discussion 40
5.1 Discussion 40
5.2 Limitation 46
Chapter 6: Conclusion and Recommendations 48
References 50
Appendix 54
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