Factors Influencing Contraceptive Use Among Married Women in Four Regional States of Ethiopia Public

Abstract

Background: Contraceptive use among married women in Ethiopia is at its highest since the country's family planning program started in 1966. However, the contraceptive needs of one in four sexually active women that want to delay or stop child bearing are not yet met. Married women's contraceptive use is influenced by sociodemographic, pregnancy and fertility related factors. The degree of influence of these factors on contraceptive use has not been consistent. This study assessed factors associated with contraceptive use in Ethiopia.

Methods: The study used family planning data from the Last 10 Kilometers project survey conducted in December 2014 -January 2015. Data were collected from 3,988 women 15-49 years of age in selected 324 kebeles in four regions of Ethiopia. Women of reproductive age that were current users of contraceptives were compared with non-users across demographic, pregnancy and family planning related characteristics using logistic regression in bivariate and multivariate analysis. Analysis was conducted in Stata v14 applying survey commands to account for the complex sample design.

Results: The proportion of women that used contraceptives in the study was 67 percent. Several factors were significantly associated with increased contraceptive use among women of reproductive age including couples that discussed family planning 6 months prior to the survey (OR = 6.75); residing in Oromia (OR = 4.20) or SNNP region (OR = 2.36); women that approved contraceptive use (OR = 3.91); and having 1-3 living children (OR = 3.05). Muslim women were less likely to use contraceptives compared to Orthodox Christians (OR = 0.5).

Conclusion: The analysis revealed key factors that determine women's contraceptive use in Ethiopia. Interventions that promote couple's communication, gender equality, participation of faith leaders in family planning education and counseling, increasing family planning access to remote areas and communities through innovative and new approaches could be effective to increase family planning service coverage.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................... 1

Background........................................................................................................................................... .1

Statement of the Problem..........................................................................................................................2

Purpose Statement ..................................................................................................................................3

Research Questions...................................................................................................................................3

Significance Statement .............................................................................................................................3

Definition of Terms................................................................................................................................... 4

LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................................. 6

Brief Overview of Ethiopia. .........................................................................................................................6

Family Planning in Ethiopia. .........................................................................................................................9

Factors Associated with Contraceptive use in Ethiopia................................................................................... 13

METHODS. .............................................................................................................................................19

RESULTS. ..............................................................................................................................................23

DISCUSSION.. ........................................................................................................................................29

Conclusion. ............................................................................................................................................33

REFERENCES. .........................................................................................................................................34

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Hubert Department of Global Health
Degree	MPH
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Health Sciences, Public Health
Mot-clé	Contraceptive Use Married Women Ethiopia Influencing factors determinants
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Evans, Dabney, Emory University
Partnering Agencies	International Non-governmental organization (e.g., CARE, Inc.)

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