Intimate Partner Violence and Breastfeeding Practices in Six African Countries Public
Misch, Emily S. (2012)
Abstract
Background: Optimal breastfeeding practices impart health
benefits to mothers and infants. Intimate partner violence (IPV)
may adversely affect optimal breastfeeding, but research is limited
and inconclusive. This study examined the effect of different forms
of IPV on early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding in six
African countries.
Methods: We used national Demographic and Health Surveys for Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Nigeria, Zambia, and Zimbabwe to study mothers (15-49 years) with a child less than 6 months old. Logistic regression was used to estimate the unadjusted and adjusted associations of physical, emotional, sexual, and pregnancy IPV with: early (within 1 hour of birth) and exclusive breastfeeding.
Results: Across countries, IPV was typically negatively
associated with optimal breastfeeding practices. More severe
physical IPV in Kenya (aOR: 0.38, p=0.004), less severe physical
IPV (aOR: 0.62, p=0.028) and sexual IPV (aOR: 0.40, p=0.005) in
Zambia were negatively associated with early initiation. Sexual IPV
in Liberia (aOR: 0.08, p=0.032) and Kenya (aOR: 0.27, p=0.007), as
well as emotional IPV in Kenya (aOR: 0.40, p=0.010) were negatively
associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Many other associations
were marginally significant and in similar directions (p<0.10).
Among Zimbabwean women, pregnancy IPV (aOR: 6.51, p=0.013) and
emotional IPV (aOR: 2.72, p=0.013) were unexpectedly positively
associated with early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding,
respectively.
Conclusions: IPV may adversely affect breastfeeding practices,
and longitudinal research of these relationships is warranted. IPV
screening and breastfeeding counseling for exposed women should be
a routine part of prenatal care to mitigate the potential
intergenerational effects of IPV.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 Introduction... 1
2 Literature Review... 5
2.1 Introduction to the Literature Review... 5
2.2 Studies examining the effect of IPV on breastfeeding
practices
in the United States... 5
2.3 Studies examining the effect of IPV on breastfeeding
practices
outside the United States... 8
2.4 Conceptual framework & rationale for link between IPV
and
breastfeeding practices... 13
2.5 Conclusion... 20
3 Manuscript... 23
3.1 Title Page... 23
3.2 Contribution of student... 24
3.3 Abstract... 25
3.4 Introduction... 26
3.5 Methods... 27
3.6 Results... 31
3.7 Discussion... 34
3.8 References... 40
3.9 Tables... 46
4 Conclusion and Recommendations... 50
References... 52
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