Multidrug Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Healthy Pet Owners and their Companion Animals in the Greater-Atlanta Area – a Pilot Study Público

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and association between multi-drug resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae colonization in healthy pets and their owners in the greater Atlanta area from July 2018- December 2019.

Methods: A convenience sample of participants was gathered to conduct this study. All participants chosen for the study met both the inclusion and exclusion criteria required to join the study. Clinical information and stool samples were collected from participants at baseline, 2, and 6 months later. The stool samples were analyzed using extended- spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) agar plates and MacConkey agar plates. MDR Enterobacteriaceae colonization was defined as positive results on the ESBL and MacConkey plates. Human-pet pair specimens who both had MDR isolates would undergo PCR for MDR gene identification. A Fisher’s[KR1]  Exact Test was conducted to determine statistical significance.

Results: 26 participants and 43 pets were enrolled. MDR Enterobacteriaceae were present in the stool of 31% (8/26) of participants and 28% (12/43) of pets at any timepoint during the study. The fisher’s exact test was not statistically significant when looking at the association between human and pet MDR colonization (p=0.38). Five human-pet pairs were both colonized at some point during the study. One of the human-pet pairs shared an identical genetic MDR strain.

Conclusions: Colonization with MDR Enterobacteriaceae is prevalent in healthy humans and pets. There is reason to believe there can be transmission of MDR Enterobacteriaceae between humans and pets. More studies with larger sample sizes need to be done to explore these results further.

 

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction 1

I.     Introduction and Rationale 1

II.    Problem Statement 2

III.   Purpose Statement 2

IV.       Research Questions 3

V.    Significance Statement 3

VI.       Definition of Terms 4

Chapter 2: Literature Review 6

Thesis References 15

Chapter 3: Manuscript 22

Title Page 1

Abstract 2

1.    Introduction 3

2.    Materials and Methods 4

3.    Results 8

4.    Discussion 10

5.    Conclusions 12

Key Words 13

Funding 13

Tables 14

References 19

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Hubert Department of Global Health
Degree	M.P.H.
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Health Sciences, Pathology Health Sciences, Public Health Biology, Veterinary Science
Palabra Clave	antimicrobial resistance MDR multi-drug resistance companion animals MDR Enterobacteriaceae AMR MDR Colonization bacterial colonization
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Kapoor, Renuka, Emory University
Committee Members	Rouphael, Nadine, Emory University Edwards, Alex, Emory University

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