Risk factors for non-communicable diseases in HIV-infected people at the Donka National Hospital in Conakry, Guinea Restricted; Files Only
Drame, Aly (Summer 2022)
Published
Abstract
Objectives: To understand risk factors for Hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, and Cancer among patients with HIV at Donka national hospital in Guinea.
Design: This study was a retrospective cohort study design.
Methods: This study used clinical data from HIV-infected people diagnosed, hospitalized, or receiving HIV treatment at the Donka National Hospital from June 2021 to December 2021.
Data from medical charts were entered into a computer and cleaned using Excel and SAS. Descriptive statistics for dependent and independent variables were calculated. The distribution of non-communicable diseases according to all the covariates was determined. The continuous variables (age, BMI, time on ART treatment, and viral load) were categorized. The overall prevalence of the three outcome diseases and the prevalence of each of them was estimated; Separate regression models (SAS Sudaan with proc rlogist) were calculated for each of the three outcomes: Hypertension, Diabetes, and Cancer. For each disease outcome, unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated to assess the risk factors of having that outcome in HIV-infected people.
Results: Of 1087 baseline patients enrolled in this study, 901 had complete data and were included in analyses. Overall, the patients were evenly divided between males (52.6%) and females (47.4%), and non-communicable diseases were present in 634 people (70.3%).
Among the study participants, about one-third (31.3%) had been on ART treatment for less than 2 years, 28.1% for a time between 2 and 4 years, and 40.6% for more than 4 years. Most participants were between 18 and 35 years old (63.7%) and had a normal BMI (61.5%). Type 1 HIV represented 99.0% of the cases, 97.1% of the study participants were on regular ART treatment, and 32.4% were alcohol consumers. There were 331 (36.7%) cases of Hypertension, 315 (35.0%) cases of Diabetes, and 195 (21.4%) cases of Cancer.
The adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) of Hypertension in alcohol consumers compared to non-alcohol consumers was 1.4 (95% CI: 1.2, 1.7), and the adjusted prevalence ratio of Diabetes in non-alcohol consumers compared to regular alcohol consumers was 2.0 (95% CI: 1.7, 2.4), and finally, the prevalence ratio of Cancer in alcohol consumers compared to non-alcohol consumers was 0.8 (95% CI: 0.5, 0.9).
Conclusion: We identified several factors associated with prevalent Hypertension, Cancer, and Diabetes among patients living with HIV. One limitation of this analysis is that all patients had at least one non-communicable disease; therefore, we did not have a control group of patients with HIV who did not have a non-communicable disease. This study’s results might help identify patients with HIV at high risk of developing non-communicable diseases.
Table of Contents
1. Chapter I: Introduction …………………………………………………………………….…….….........8
3. Chapter II: Background & Review of the Literature………………..…………………..…….…....11
a. HIV and Hypertension………………………………………………………………………….……...........…12
b. HIV and Diabetes……………………………………………………………………………..……...........…...15
c. HIV and Cancer………………………………………………………...……………………..……...…...........17
4. Chapter III: Methodology……………………....……………………...……………………………......20
a- Study Environment and Population…………..............…………………………………...…………..20
b- Data Extraction Procedures……………………………….................…………………..……………...21
c- Outcomes variables ………………………………………………………...................…………………..21
d- Other covariates……………………………………..…………..…………………………...................…21
5. Chapter IV: Data analysis…………………………....……………………..………………….………..22
6. Chapter V: Results………………………………………....…………...…………...………….……..…23
7. Chapter VI: Discussion……………………………………....………...………………………………...27
8. Conclusion…………………………………………...………….....…………….………………………...31
9. References…………………………………………..……………….....…………………………..……...32
10.Tables………………..……………...…………………………………….....………………..…………..33
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