Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Respiratory Symptoms Seen in Georgia Pre-adolescent Children Öffentlichkeit
Weiner, Lindsey Michelle (2012)
Abstract
FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME AND RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS SEEN IN
GEORGIA PRE-ADOLESCENT CHILDREN
OBJECTIVES: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a collection of
physical, mental, behavioral,
and/or physiological symptoms that present in infants and young
children exposed to
alcohol during fetal development. In addition to the well-known
medical problems
associated with FAS, some observational studies and the results of
animal research
suggest that children with FAS may also be at greater risk of
respiratory ailments such as
lung infections and asthma. There is a need for diagnosticians and
patients to fully
understand the wide array of medical problems that may develop from
fetal alcohol
exposure, yet few studies have investigated whether children with
FAS are more likely to
develop respiratory symptoms than children without FAS.
METHODS: Medical chart data from 625 pre-adolescent patients
of the Fetal Alcohol
Clinic at the Marcus Autism Center were analyzed in a retrospective
cross-sectional study
comparing patients across three FAS diagnostic levels (full FAS,
partial FAS, no FAS
diagnosis). Logistic regression was used to fit a model to describe
the association
between FAS diagnoses and respiratory outcomes. Asthma-related
symptoms were
analyzed as a separate outcome.
RESULTS: The full logistic model included gender, insurance
provider, maturity at birth,
and race/ethnicity as covariates. In all comparisons, respiratory
and asthma-like
symptoms were less common among those children with an FAS
diagnosis compared to
those without an FAS diagnosis. No significant association between
the prevalence of
FAS diagnosis and the prevalence of respiratory symptoms (or
asthma-related symptoms)
could be detected ( P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The low statistical power, misclassification,
and lack of a proper
control group hinder this study's ability to detect a significant
association; however those
without an FAS diagnosis may have other conditions that make them
more susceptible to
respiratory symptoms. Future studies should explore the use of a
large and appropriately
powered cohort or case-control study in order to further examine
this possible association
and to help uncover the extensive physiological effects that result
from prenatal exposure
to alcohol.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction...1
Literature Review...4
Methods...12
Results...19
Discussion...23
Strengths and Weaknesses...30
References...33
Tables...37
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