Associations between race, socioeconomic status and non-fatalinjuries in Atlanta between 2001-2004 Public
Hulland, Erin Nicole (2014)
Published
Abstract
Injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality both worldwide and in the United States, with over 16,000 deaths daily and many more disabilities attributable to injuries. 1 With such a resounding impact, research on the risk factors is of great importance. This study examined the relationship between socioeconomic factors and race on three types of injury - falls, assault, and suicide - and on all injuries overall in the metro Atlanta area between 2001 and 2004. It was hypothesized that older age and winter months of the year would be the strongest predictors of falls; that races other than white and low socioeconomic status would be the strongest predictors of assault; that white race, high socioeconomic status and male gender would be the strongest predictors of suicide; and that young age, male gender, white race and high socioeconomic status would be the strongest predictors of any injury overall. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to determine the odds of having visited the emergency department of a local hospital for one of the specific injuries (versus another type of injury) and the odds of having visited the emergency department for any injury at all versus another type of visit. It was found that younger age was associated with higher odds of falls, that month of the year was not a significant predictor of falls versus other injuries, and that non-Hispanic black race had the lowest odds and a protective effect for falls while Hispanic ethnicity had the highest odds of falls. When looking at the variables associated with assault, Hispanic ethnicity and black race had protective effects against assault while other race and non-Hispanic white race had the highest odds for assault. Lower socioeconomic status, as indicated by percent of population without a high school diploma, was protective against assault. White and other race were associated with higher odds of suicide, and that higher socioeconomic status was related to higher odds of suicide. Finally, younger age, male gender, white and other race and higher socioeconomic status were all related to higher odds of any injury, overall.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction...................................................................................................1
Chapter 2: Literature Review.........................................................................................................5
Chapter 3: Methodology...............................................................................................................16
Chapter 4: Results......................................................................................................................20
Chapter 5: Discussion..................................................................................................................34
Works Cited...............................................................................................................................42
Appendices
Tables......................................................................47
Figures.....................................................................................................................................67
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