Abstract
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are different
kinds of disorders that result from maternal alcohol consumption
during pregnancy. Studies have shown that individuals who have the
most severe form of the disorder, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) have
microcephaly (lower brain volume). However, few studies have shown
the association between microcephaly as a result of FAS and its
association to psychological disorders, in particular, major
depression. The purpose of this research was to use an already
existing set of data on individuals who have been diagnosed with
FAS, and study whether there is an association between lower brain
volume and the onset of major depression. In order to assess this
relationship, a secondary data analysis was performed on 94
African-American young adults identified in the prenatal period. 3
groups (Control, n=27; Alcohol-exposed Neurodevelopmental Disorder,
n=37 and Dysmorphic, n=30) have been imaged using structural
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Depression was measured using the
Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). The data was
analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analyses. The results of
this research indicate sex differences in amygdala volume, as well
as intracranial volume differences within the groups. However, the
results of this study did not find an association between lower
brain volume as a result of FAS and developing psychological
disorders.
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………...1
Literature
Review……………………………………………………………………………………………....13
Methods………………………………………………………………………………………………………….....20
Results…………………………………………………………………………………………………………........28
Discussion………………………………………………………………………………………………………….39
References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………45
TABLES
Table 1. Demographics for Study
Population……………………………………………………...28
Table 2. Brain Volume and Psychological Disorders among Controls,
Alcohol-exposed, and Dysmorphic
Groups……………………………………………………………………….31
Table 3. MD Classification among Study
Sample………...........................................................33
Table 4. MD CIDI Classification between Control, Dysmorphic, and
Alcohol-exposed
Groups………………………………………………………………………………………………………………36
Table 5. Logistic Regression Model Using Gender as a co-variate for
Predicting
MD…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….37
Table 6. Full Logistic Regression Model using Intracranial volume,
Amygdala, and Alcohol consumption per week as co-variates for
predicting
MD………………………....38
FIGURES
Figure1. Diathesis-stress
model…………………………………………………………………………11
About this Master's Thesis
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