Is Knowledge Power or a Predictor? Assessing Parental Education and Its Association with Schistosoma haematobium infection in Kano State, Nigeria Open Access
Udongwo, Angela (Spring 2020)
Abstract
There are about 250 million people infected with schistosomiasis worldwide— with approximately 300,000 people dying annually. Urogenital schistosomiasis (S.haematobium) infects school-aged children at an alarming rate and there is a need to evaluate community-based factors’ associations with the infection. This study aims to compare infection levels across levels of parental education in Hausa communities of Kano State, Nigeria. The data is a part of the cross-sectional study ‘Kano Schistosomiasis in SAC 2019’, taken from participants residing in Hausa communities in five local government areas in Kano State. Urine samples were collected and the presence of S.haematobium eggs were examined utilizing urine filtration. Tests for association were conducted and a multivariate logistic regression model was used to predict the presence of urogenital schistosomiasis with a focus on sociodemographic predictors such as parental education. Of the 272 participants, the overall prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis was 36.9%. The mean age of the study sample was 11 years (4.08 SD). There were 218 (81.34%) males and 50 (18.66) females. The highest caseload was amongst the 12-18-year-old group (45.6%). Out of the infected study sample, mid-range (secondary and technical) parental education had the highest rate of infection (45.9%) compared to low-range (no education to primary level) education and high-range (professional and university) education (35.6% and 18.4% respectively). Questionnaire data revealed 64.3% (173) reported engaging in activities with unprotected water sources, 40.9% (110) did not have knowledge on transmission, and 14.5% (39) reported having a past “worm” disease. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that medium level of education (aOR = 1.29, 95% CI: 0.610-2.74), and low-level education (aOR= 2.22, 95% CI: 0.96-5.11) showed a positive, however, not a statistically significant association with schistosomiasis across ranges when compared to the highest education level. The study shows a high prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis in children in Hausa communities within Kano State, Nigeria. Although there was not a significant association found between parental education and infection, the lowest range of education showed a positive odds ratio with the presence of S.haematobium eggs. This suggests further studies are needed using a larger sample size to better study potential associations.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
The Lifecycle of Schistosomiasis/Bilharzia
History of Diagnosing Schistosomiasis
Molecular Detection Methods
Treating Schistosomiasis
Snail control strategy
History of Schistosomiasis in Nigeria
Socio-determinants/Risk Factors of Infection
Parental Education Associations with Schistosomiasis
CHAPTER 3: METHODS
Study Design
Study Population
Procedures
Questionnaire
Data Management/Statistical Analyses
Ethical Consideration/Approval
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS
Prevalence
Associations Amongst Different Parental Education Levels and Infection
Risk Factors Associated with Urogenital Schistosomiasis
CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 6: PUBLIC IMPLICATIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES
About this Master's Thesis
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