A Standardized Method to Calculate the Number Needed to Vaccinate Open Access
Rajagopalan, Kanya (Spring 2018)
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: There are many methods to calculate the Number Needed to Vaccinate (NNV). These methods range from modeling to using standardized formulas derived from the Number Needed to Treat. Due to the variety of methods used to calculate and interpret the NNV, there is no comparability between methods to inform global interventions.
METHODS: This systemic literature review details the different methods and interpretations of the NNV to determine whether a standardized method to calculate the NNV can be derived. A total of 37 articles were selected for review from which data regarding calculation method, interpretation, NNV, and advantages/disadvantages of each method were extracted.
RESULTS: The method that met the most criteria for that of a standardized method was 1/Attributable Risk Ratio/Length of Study Period. This is because this method was simple, used data that was easily available, and accounted for long-term effects of vaccination, such as vaccine waning. There was no method that had been used that accounted for indirect effects of vaccination without compromising on generalizability.
CONCLUSION: A standardized method to calculate the NNV is important, as this can lead to data sharing and globally informed efforts to lower the burden of infectious disease.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION 1
METHODS 5
Search Strategy 5
Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria 5
Results of Search 5
RESULTS 8
Uses of NNV 8
Modeling Based Methods to Calculate NNV 9
NNT Based Methods to Calculate NNV 14
1/ARR/Study Period Length 21
Other Methods to Calculate NNV 23
Information Available to Calculate NNV 25
DISCUSSION 29
CONCLUSION 32
REFERENCES 33
APPENDICES 49
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