Recommendations for the Application of the Public Health Approach and Epidemiologic Methods for Armed Conflict Prevention and Resolution Open Access
Morse, Molly Rose (2017)
Abstract
Traditionally, public health practitioners conducting research and programmatic work to reduce mortality and morbidity due to armed conflict have focused on the response phase. However, epidemiologic methods and the public health approach may also be well-suited for application to armed conflict prevention and resolution, given its emphasis on broad, population-based, preventive, and cost-effective approaches to problems; appeal to a common sense of duty to improve the health and wellbeing of others; and reliance on empirical evidence and resulting ability to depoliticize highly contentious issues.
The main objectives of this project were to increase the knowledge base surrounding the intersection between armed conflict and public health and forming recommendations for CDC's Emergency Response and Recovery Branch capacity to apply the public health approach and epidemiologic methods for armed conflict prevention and resolution projects. More specific objectives included describing how various fields define armed conflict, the historical context and phases of armed conflict, describing and defining public health and epidemiologic methods and the public health approach.
A scoping literature review was conducted across a variety of multidisciplinary literature databases using search terms around the topic such as ‘health' and ‘conflict.' Additional reviews of grey literature including situation reports, white papers, policy briefs and other relevant sources of information were conducted throughout the project to increase the knowledge base of the topical area surrounding public health, epidemiology, research methods, and armed conflict. Interviews with subject matter experts were also conducted on specific sub topics either in person or via email when necessary.
The first steps that should be taken by a public health organization such as ERRB when starting an armed conflict prevention project are: developing a case definition for armed conflict, identifying risk and protective factors for individuals and/or groups, and implementing a two-part surveillance system consisting of a remote monitoring and an in depth case confirmation process. This project should be accompanied by a monitoring and evaluation component to measure effectiveness. If this first step proves to be effective at accurately identifying cases of armed conflict where prevention interventions may be effective, methods for implementing chosen interventions should be explored.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction……………………………………………………………………………1
Chapter 2: Literature Review……………………………………………………………………...3
2.1 Public Health……………………………………………………………………..……3
2.2 Armed Conflict……………………………………………………………………..…9
2.3 The Intersection of Public Health and Armed Conflict……………………………...19
Chapter 3: Methods………………………………………………………………………………25
Chapter 4: Project Recommendations for the Application of the Public Health Approach and Epidemiologic Methods for Armed Conflict Prevention and Resolution………………………..27
4.1: Project Outline………………………………………………………………………27
4.2: ERRB Capacity……………………………………………………………………...32
4.3: Driving Principles…………………………………………………………………...35
4.4: Tools………………………………………………………………………………...35
4.5: Settings……………………………………………………………………………...37
4.6: Populations………………………………………………………………………….37
4.7: Partners……………………………………………………………………………...39
4.8: Resources……………………………………………………………………………40
4.9: Challenges…………………………………………………………………………...41
Chapter 5: Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………46
References………………………………………………………………………………………..48
Appendix A: Public Health Approaches, Frameworks, Methods, Measures and Tools…………52
Appendix B: List of terms related to Armed Conflict…………………………………………...60
About this Master's Thesis
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