Externalized Migration and the Securitization of Health: A case-study of how EU-Moroccan relationships influenced healthcare accessibility within sub-Saharan Migrant Communities in Morocco during the Coronavirus Pandemic Open Access
Haden, Madelyn (Spring 2021)
Abstract
Using sub-Saharan migrant communities in Morocco as a case study, this research evaluates how EU-externalization policies contributed to the externalization of migration and the subsequent securitization of migrant health. By conducting a literature review on the current theories of migration and histories of politicization and securitization in the region, holding 27 semi-structured interviews with sub-Saharan migrants and community stakeholders in Morocco, and conducting a large scale financial analysis of the sources of externalization funding in Morocco, this research aims to present the consequences of international policy on personal and intra-communal access to healthcare. Furthermore, this research evaluates the potential of implementing migrant-conscious public health systems within externalized and securitized international systems.
Table of Contents
Contents
Acronyms
Introduction: Migrant-Conscious Healthcare in the EU-Moroccan System
Chapter 1: Theories and Legislative Histories
A brief introduction to migration theory
The EU created the current migration framework
Declarations, conventions, and human rights promises regarding healthcare
The government’s role in the rights to health
Politicizing migration
Chapter 2: Migration in Morocco, International, Intraregional, and Domestic Frameworks
Securitizing migration
Externalizing migration
Internationalizing migration
The Western Sahara and the Western Mediterranean Route
Domestic policies and strategies
Regularization and its benefits
Deportations, non-refoulement, and protections
Chapter 3: Analyzing the ODA
EU-externalization policies influence on public health
Data analysis
Chapter 4: Stories of Life and Health During COVID
Interviews: the personal and community-level consequences of externalization
Measurement of integration
Discrimination as the Antithesis of Integration: “Living in Morocco is hell for black
Saharan Africans”
Distrust and rumors
Life during the period of forced confinement:“I say to God ‘when will this be over’ and
then I cry”
Security, arrests, COVID, and migrant health
NGOs and Moussa
Stories of healthcare
Contextualizing the public health system in Morocco
Laayoune: COVID from the administrator’s perspective
Health and migrant rights
Chapter 5: Law, Migrant Conscious Health, and Recommendations
The legality of Morocco’s public health response
ASCOMS, representing domestic critiques of the systems
International critiques of the Morocco’s treatment of Migrants
Conclusion: The Future of Migrant Health in Morocco
Figures
Bibliography
About this Honors Thesis
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