Precarious Games: Corporate Accountability, Housing Justice, and the Right to the City in Atlanta from Olympics to World Cup Open Access

Hampton, Ava Jackson (Spring 2026)

Permanent URL: https://etd.library.emory.edu/concern/etds/pg15bg355?locale=en
Published

Abstract

Amidst an escalating housing crisis, Atlanta is hosting 8 matches for the FIFA World Cup in Summer 2026. Spanning the year prior to the Cup, this research investigates what urban mega-events reveal about spatial injustice. Globally, mega-events like the Olympics and World Cup have been correlated with the criminalization of homelessness, increased housing costs, and displacement of marginalized residents, raising public concern that the 2026 Cup will bring these same effects. I compare historical records of the political, economic, and social tensions revealed by Atlanta’s 1996 Olympic Games to my ethnographic findings regarding the pre-World Cup moment and trace patterns of governance and development that evidence larger themes of Atlanta’s urban function. Using the vocabulary of Atlanta Olympic scholar Charles Rutheiser, I identify pre-World Cup Atlanta as a site of imagineering, a process that combines political messaging, urban development, and history-making in attempts to manufacture a clear brand identity for the city. Like Rutheiser, I argue that imagineering obscures accountability and is facilitated by the partnership between Atlanta's governance and the city’s largest corporate entities, a partnership named the Atlanta Way. 

Drawing on Lefebvre’s conceptual right to the city, I investigate how corporate ownership of property in the city leads to residents losing a sense of belonging and excludes them from something deeply human, the ability to participate in the collective, social construction of Atlanta. Because the evictions, gentrification, and increased policing and surveillance associated with corporations predominantly affect Black Atlantans, my research is situated within overarching themes of modern colonialism and spatial justice. Presenting ethnographic research conducted over a year, I document grassroots organizations’ opposition to oppressive and unjust forces that are exacerbated or brought on by the World Cup. The investigation and theoretical consideration of the current moment seeks to create a counter-imagineering history that documents the actions of these resistance groups, assigns accountability to city leaders and corporate powers, and will ultimately provide context for post-World Cup Atlanta. 

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Introduction 13

Inquiries and Methodology 16

It’s Atlanta! 19

A Brief History of Corporate Landlords 25

Towards Spatial Justice 31

Chapter 1: New Atlanta, Same Old Way: Continuity from the 1996 Olympics to the 2026 World Cup 35

The Olympic Precedent 40

Olympic Echoes in the World Cup 42

Olympics Lessons 44

Chapter 2: The Right to Atlanta: Corporate Landlords’ Effect on Housing Precarity, Alienation, and the Social Production of Space 49

When the System is Built Against You 51

The American Myth of the “Good Life” 58

The Atlanta Oxymoron: Working and Homeless 60

Chapter 3: Your Favorite Coalition: Community Organizing for a Fair and Just World Cup 63

Policy in Motion 66

The First Win of the World Cup 67

Continued Resistance 72

Coda 75

Bibliography 79

Appendix 1: Chronological List of All Interviews 89

Appendix 2: General Interview Protocol 90

About this Honors Thesis

Rights statement
  • Permission granted by the author to include this thesis or dissertation in this repository. All rights reserved by the author. Please contact the author for information regarding the reproduction and use of this thesis or dissertation.
School
Department
Degree
Submission
Language
  • English
Research Field
Keyword
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor
Committee Members
Last modified

Primary PDF

Supplemental Files