The Effects of Chronic, Oral Deltamethrin Exposure on Nigrostriatal Dopamine Receptors: A Model for Pyrethroid Toxicity in Adults Open Access
Chen, Tiffany (Spring 2023)
Published
Abstract
Pyrethroid pesticides have become one of the most commonly used pesticides across the globe due to their relatively low toxicity to mammals, and have been demonstrated to disrupt dopaminergic signaling in various animal models. The effects of long-term pyrethroid exposure in humans are poorly understood, but have been connected to the development of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the world and is characterized by degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway. Dopamine receptors play an important role in the pathology and treatment of Parkinson’s, as well as many other disorders such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and Huntington’s disease. However, there are few studies on the effects of pyrethroids on dopamine receptors, and none in an adult or neurodegenerative exposure model. Thus, this study is the first to our knowledge to demonstrate the effects of pyrethroid exposure in adult wild-type mice on nigrostriatal dopamine receptors. Chronic, oral deltamethrin exposure increased D1-like dopamine receptor levels in the striatum, which may be indicative of compensatory mechanisms and has the potential to become neurotoxic. Further scrutinization of the effects of adult pyrethroid exposure on dopamine receptors is imperative for understanding their roles in the development of neurodegenerative disorders.
Table of Contents
Abstract............................................................................................................................................ 1
Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 2
Pyrethroids........................................................................................................................................ 3
Parkinson’s Disease............................................................................................................................ 6
Dopamine Receptors........................................................................................................................... 7
Pyrethroids, Parkinson’s, and Dopamine Receptors............................................................................. 10
Methods and Materials.................................................................................................................... 13
Results............................................................................................................................................ 16
Discussion....................................................................................................................................... 21
Future Directions............................................................................................................................. 25
References....................................................................................................................................... 27
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