Faith and Diplomacy: The Holy See as a Mediator in Interstate Conflicts Open Access
Abi-Nader, Michael (Spring 2025)
Abstract
The Holy See has long been an overlooked actor in the global arena, especially regarding its mediation efforts. This thesis theorizes a link between the dominating religion in disputing countries and the decision to make a mediation attempt by the Holy See. Specifically, trust is an intervening variable. Disputing nations must have enough trust in an actor as a mediator to request its assistance. Disputing Catholic nations might place more trust in the Holy See than non-Catholic nations would due to the shared religion, which makes the Holy See more attractive than other actors to mediate conflicts. This theory can be applied in a second hypothesis to Christian nations, where significant moral overlap and beliefs exist to the teachings of the Church. This thesis finds quantitative and qualitative evidence that Catholic nations are more likely to request, and thus receive, a Holy See mediation attempt, while insufficient evidence was found for a link between Christian nations and Holy See mediation attempts.
Table of Contents
Introduction - 1
The Holy See, the Vatican, and the Papacy - 3
Holy See Mediation - 4
Literature Review - 8
Theoretical Argument - 16
Research Design and Data - 25
Results and Implications - 31
Qualitative Analysis - 36
Conclusion - 44
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